Comparing factors concerning lifestyle associated with health status and mortality among elderly people across communities

我们已经开始对城市社区、农村社区和山区社区65岁及以上非机构老年人的健康状况和生活方式进行跟踪研究。关于基线调查，我们比较了这些社区生活方式和健康状况之间的关系。主要研究结果如下：1。与城市社区相比，农村社区的身体健康状况（日常生活的身体活动、日常生活的工具活动）和亲密社会网络（与亲戚、朋友、邻居的接触、参与团体活动）受损的情况更为频繁。在农村社区，很少有老人空巢度日。农村社区发展的社会网络可能使老年人能够积极地度过日常生活，也可能使残疾老年人生活在他们的社区中。以农村社区为样本，研究了生活满意度与社会网络之间的关系。无论男女，生活满意度都与社交网络呈正相关。与个人社交网络项目的联系在男性和女性之间是不同的。在男性中，家庭成员的网络影响到年轻人，而社区成员的网络影响到老年人。在妇女中，参与团体活动在两个年龄组中都是相关的。在农村地区，采用一般健康问卷（GHQ）测量心理健康，并考察其与身体健康状况和社会网络的关系。主观身体健康状况受损与GHQ高分相关，即心理健康受损。调整主观身体健康状况后，无工作、无角色、缺乏社区成员社交网络与GHQ高分相关。

We have started follow-up studies on health status and lifestyle among nonistitutionalized elderly people 65 years of age and over in an urban community, a rural community and a mountainous community. With regard to the baseline survey, we compared associations between lifestyle and health status across these communities. The main findings were as follows :1. In comparison with the urban community, impaired physical health status (physical activities of daily livings, instrumental activities of daily livings) and intimate social networks (contact with relatives, friendship, contact with neighbors, involvement with group activities) were more frequent in the rural community. There were less elderly people spending their daily lives vacantly in the rural community. Social networks developed in the rural community may enable elderly people to spend their daily lives actively and may have disabled elderly people live in their community.2. The associations between life satisfaction and social networks were examined in the sample of the rural community. Life satisfaction was positively associated with social networks in both sexed. The associations with individual social network items were different between men and women. In men, networks of family members in the yound-old and networks of community members in the oldest-old were associated. In women, involvement with group activities was associated in both age groups.3. In the rural area, psychological wellbeing was measured with General Health Questionnaire(GHQ) and its associations with physical health status and social networks were examined. Impaired subjective physical health status was associated with GHQ high score, which means impaired psychological wellbeing. After adjusting for subjective physical health status, having neither jobs nor roles and lack of social networks of community members were associated with GHQ high score.