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The development of the equipment to incinerate the radioactive organic waste liuid with an incineration furnance produced with ceramics

陶瓷焚烧炉焚烧放射性有机废液设备的研制

基本信息

批准号：
02670503
负责人：
MAEDA Masayuki
金额：
$ 0.38万
依托单位：
Wakayama Medical College
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1990
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1990 至 1992
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

In Japan, the processing of a waste fluid of liquid scintillator is entrusted to each facility that uses them. And the mothods are limited just to incinerate or to discard with storage. (We can incinerate the waste fluid including only following 5 r13EA\ : adioisotopes, ^3H, ^<14>C, ^<32>P, ^<35>S and ^<45>Ca.)Whichever method is adopted, we have many problems to be solved with difficulty, for example ; 1.the main components are organic solvents such as toluene and xylene so they're harmful to the human body ; 2. the radioisotopes included in the waste fl13EA\ : uid have comparatively longer half-lives and especially ^<32>P and ^<35>S might corrod the metal under high-temperature ; 3. voluminous storage of organic solvent is prohibited by the law. Therefore, we developed the high-efficient equipment to incine13EA\ : rate the radioactive organic waste fluid which can be controlled only by the exclusive employees at RI facility by way of the following devices and improvement ; 1. The par … More t to incinerate the waste fluid is produced with new ceramics then it is more13EA\ : resistant against the heat and the corrosion, 2. the inside of a cooler which cools down the incineration gas is Teflon-coated and we can make the exhaust gas low temperature by way of increasing the square to radiate the heat ; 3. we persued compl13EA\ : eted safety and made the operation completely automatic with improving various kinds of automatic safety device.The temperature of the inside of the incineration furnance is maintained by the spontaneous heat produced by incineration of the waste fluid-itself. And if the temperature drops at the beginning of incineration and during incineration, it is raised by the natural gas. Both waste fluid and the natural gas are highly heat-generation fuel so we can raise the temperature stably and incinerate at the definite temperature. The drainage included ^3H (about 70 %), ^<35>S (about 20%), ^<14>C, ^<32>P, ^<45>Ca(the last three radioisotpes are less than 10%). And also the exhaust gas included ^<14>C (about 40%), ^<32>P (about 10%), ^<35>S (about 20%), ^<45>Ca (about 25%) excepts ^3H.So the development of a compact equipment is really eagered which co13EA\ : llects radioactivity in the exhaust gas firmly and safely. It was a few per cent that the ratio of ^<32>P, ^<35>S and ^<45>Ca in the exhaust gas and the drainage althoughthe radioactivity of those 3 radioisotopes in the dregs was considered to show hig13EA\ : h value. Therefore it can be considered that dregs adhered to the inside of incineration furnance, the cooler of incineration gas and the tube of exhaust adhered to the inside of incineration furnance, the cooler of incineration gas and the tube of exhaust gas hadn't been completely collected. Less

在日本，液体闪烁体废液的处理委托给使用该液体闪烁体的各个设施。且方法仅限于焚烧或随弃贮存。（我们可以焚烧仅包含以下5种r13EA\：放射性同位素、^3H、^<14>C、^<32>P、^<35>S和^<45>Ca的废液。）无论采用哪种方法，我们都有很多难以解决的问题，例如： 1、主要成分为甲苯、二甲苯等有机溶剂，对人体有害； 2.废液fl13EA\：液体中含有的放射性同位素的半衰期较长，特别是^32P和^35S在高温下可能腐蚀金属； 3.法律禁止大量储存有机溶剂。因此，我们开发了焚烧13EA的高效设备：通过以下设备和改进，对只有RI设施的专有员工才能控制的放射性有机废液进行评级； 1. 焚烧废液的部件采用新型陶瓷，比13EA\：耐热、耐腐蚀。 2. 冷却焚烧气体的冷却器内部涂有聚四氟乙烯，可以通过增加散热面积使废气温度较低； 3、追求完全安全，完善各种自动安全装置，使操作完全自动化。焚烧炉内部的温度是靠废液焚烧时产生的自热来维持的。如果焚烧开始时和焚烧期间温度下降，则天然气会升高温度。废液和天然气都是高发热燃料，可以稳定升温，在一定温度下焚烧。排出物包括^3H(约70％)、^35S(约20％)、^14C、^32P、^45Ca(后三个放射性同位素小于10％)。而且废气中除^3H外还含有^<14>C(约40%)、^<32>P(约10%)、^<35>S(约20%)、^<45>Ca(约25%)。因此迫切需要开发一种紧凑的设备，该设备可牢固且安全地收集废气中的放射性。尽管渣中3种放射性同位素的放射性被认为表现出较高的13EA\:h值，但废气和排水中^<32>P、^<35>S和^<45>Ca的比例为百分之几。因此可以认为焚烧炉内部附着有渣料，焚烧气体冷却器和废气管道附着在焚烧炉内部，焚烧气体冷却器和废气管道没有被完全收集。较少的