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A Study on Methods of Quantitative Experiments in Teaching Biology

生物学教学中定量实验方法的研究

基本信息

批准号：
02680253
负责人：
SHIRAGA Sumiji
金额：
$ 1.28万
依托单位：
HIROSHIMA UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1990
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1990 至 1992
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The methods of quantitative experiments obtained from this research are as follows: 1) Experiments regarding to the relation between intensity of illumination and photosynthetic rate; (1) Duckweeds are cultivated on the conditions to irradiating with lights of 2,000, 4,000,....and 10,000 Lux. After several days, the increased weight(wet weight) of the duckweeds cultivated on each intensity of illumination are weighted respectively. (2) A leaf put into a closed vessel are irradiated with different intensities of light, and CO_2 quantity absorbed by the leaf for 30 minutes on each condition is measured using a gas detector. 2) Experiments regarding to the relation between temperature and respiration rate; (1) Medaka is put into water kept at temperatures of 5, 10, .... and 30ﾟC, and the number of respiratory movement of the medaka's operculum per minute is counted at each temperature. (2) Germinating seeds put into a closed vessel are kept at temperatures of 5, 10, .... and 30ﾟC, and O_2 quantity absorbed by the germinating seeds for five minutes is measured at each temperature. 3) Measurement of the amount of the water lost by transpiration; Water quantity transpirated from leaves of plant for 30 minutes is measured using an electronic balance. Subsequently the area of each leaf is measured using a method converting the weight of the pieces of the thick paper cut as large as each leaf into the areas. Then water quantity lost by the leaf per 100 cm^2, per 60 minutes is measured.

本研究获得的定量实验方法如下：1)光照强度与光合速率关系的实验；(1)浮萍是在光照2000、4000、....的条件下培育的10000勒克斯。几天后，分别对不同光照强度下栽培浮萍的增重（湿重）进行加权。(2)将叶片放入密闭容器中，用不同强度的光照射叶片，用气体检测仪测量每种条件下叶片吸收CO_2 30min的量。2)关于温度与呼吸速率关系的实验；(1)将Medaka放入温度为5、10、....的水中在每个温度下，计算medaka的包盖每分钟呼吸运动的次数。(2)将发芽的种子放入密闭容器中，温度为5、10、....测定各温度下种子萌发5分钟所吸收的O_2量。3)蒸腾损失量的测定；用电子天平测量植物叶片30分钟蒸腾水量。随后，每片叶子的面积使用一种方法来测量，这种方法将每片叶子一样大的厚剪纸片的重量转换成面积。然后测量每100 cm^2，每60分钟叶片损失的水量。