Modes of Social Integration in a Multiethnic Nation - A Case Study of Malaysia -

该项目的目的是研究多元文化的情况，重点是马来西亚的特定社区。马来西亚的不同地区显示出巨大的文化多样性，从人类学，历史，地理的角度选择了学习和研究。宫崎是以柔佛和基达的民间信仰和民间医药为研究对象的。结果显示，当地的药师一直在努力将他们的实践与伊斯兰教的教义相结合，尽管大多数客户都很实用，他们不愿意咨询不同种族的药师。藤本对槟城的水稻种植者进行了研究，他比较了马来农民和华人农民的态度和倾向。根据调查结果，马来农民倾向于保守，并向邻居寻求帮助，而华人则普遍更有雄心，并在一个家庭内合作 ...更多信息 加藤在森美兰的研究对象是当地华人和马来人共同生活的社区。他的研究成果表明，日据时代以来，相当的内婚倾向消失了，地方团结被民族团结意识所取代。水岛用田野资料和文字记录两种方法描述了霹雳州一个地方社区的详细图景。黑田对居住在泰国边境附近的说泰语的穆斯林Samasam进行了研究。她描述了他们的历史，阐明了他们不断变化的身份。中泽关注的是基达的一个暹罗佛教徒社区。在这里，这些人与周围马来人的融合在过去已经放松，因为与外部世界更好的交流提供了不同类型的身份。野村研究了沙巴和砂拉越的华人社区，他发现基于信仰和/或原籍地的自愿协会在形成现在的华人社区中发挥了重要作用。砂拉越内陆的人口据Tsugami报道，Kayan人的身份主要是针对他们的邻居Iban人，小口从地理学的角度研究了联邦土地发展局的农村发展计划以及该计划对当地社区形成的影响。富泽研究了沙巴的巴夭人，重点研究了定居的巴夭人对海洋的态度的变化。Omosawa观察了登嘉楼马来渔民的经济活动，在他们致力于商业分配的过程中，财富正在发生相当大的两极分化。如上所述，在项目过程中获得了详细的和理论上重要的数据，这些数据将成为马来西亚社会进一步讨论的基础。少

The aim of this project is to study a multicultural situation by focusing particular communities in Malaysia. The different areas in Malaysia which shows great cultural variety are chosen for the study and research from anthropological, historical, geographical points of view. Eleven scholars took part in this project with respective theme.Miyazaki researched folk belief and folk medicine in Johor and Kedah. The result shows that there have been efforts by local medicineman to adopt their practice to the teaching of Islam, although the clients are mostly so practical that they do not care to consult the medicineman of different ethnicity.Fujimoto conducted a research on the rice-cultivating people in Penang where he compared the attitudes and tendencies of Malay farmers and Chinese farmers. According to the result the Malay farmers tend to be more conservative and to ask for help of the neighbors, while the Chinese people there are generally more ambitious and co-operate within a Kinsh … More ip group.Kato's research in Negri Sembilan was on a local community where Chinese people and Malay people live together. His research results show that the rather endogamous tendency was lost since the Japanese occupation and the local unity was replaced with the sense of ethnic unity.Mizushima used both field data and written records to describe the detailed picture of a local community in Perak. By checking and comparing the register and interviewed result he reconstructed the change of a particular area, which reflected the macro change.Kuroda researched the Samasam, Thai-speaking Moslems who live near the border to Thailand. She described their history and elucidated their changing identity.Nakazawa focused on a Siamese Buddhists community in Kedah. Here again the integration of these people with the surrounding Malay people in the past has been loosened since the better communication with the outer world offered different type of identity.Nomura researched Chinese communities in Sabah and Sarawak where he found the voluntary associations based on belief and/or the place of origin played an important role in forming the present Chinese communities.Tsugami's research was on the Kayan people, the inland population in Sarawak. The Kayan identity, as Tsugami reports, is mainly insisted against their neighbor, the lban, and is based on peculiarity of their family system.Komoguchi made a research on the FELDA's scheme of rural development and on the forming of local communities by that scheme from geographical point of view.Tomisawa researched the Bajau people in Sabah and focused on the changing attitude of the settled Bajau towards the sea-wandering Bajau.Omosawa observed economic activities among the Malay fishermen in Trengganu where a considerable polarization of wealth is taking place in the process of their commitment to the commercial distribution.As was summarized above, detailed and theoretically important data were obtained in the course of the project and will be the basis of further discussion the Malaysian society. Less