Photomolecular mechanisms of flavonoid synthesis in plants.

植物中类黄酮合成的光分子机制。

• 批准号: 03045031
• 负责人: SHIN Masateru
• 金额: $ 3.58万
• 依托单位: Kobe University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1991 至 1993
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-03045031/
• 关键词: Abnomal growth (coiling); Flavonoids (anthocyanin); Kobe-Albert-Ludwigs Universities joint research; Photoreactivation; UV-B-absorbing substance; UV-B photoreceptor; UV-B protection; Thymine dimer (immunoassay); 赤色光信号; フラボノイド; アントシアニン; 学生の成績評価

This international scientific research program was carried out from 1991 to 1993, based on the Kobe and Albert-Ludwings(Freiburg) Universities Scientific Cooperation Agreement formed on 30th March, 1990. First, the research groups of Kobe and Freiburg Universities were, respectively, headed by Profs.T.Hashimoto and H.Mohr, and later succeeded by Assoc.Prof.M.Shin and Prof.E.Wellmann, respectively.To exchange information and carried out researches, from Kobe, Prof. Hashimoto visited Freiburg and stayed there from June to September, 1991 and from October to December, 1992 ; Dr.S.Tsurumi, from August to December, 1991, and Prof. Shin and Dr.Sakihama, in October, 1993. From Freiburg Prof.Wellmann came and stayed in Kobe for 2 weeks in September, 1992. The seminars by members were given at both Universities as follows : T.Hashimoto at Freiburg, July, 1991, "Light-induced growth inhibition and the metabolism of novel growth inhibitors A-2". and E.Wellmann at Kobe, September, 1992, "UV-B envi … More ronment on the Earth and the UV-B protection mechanisms in plants". T.Hashimoto at Freiburg, November, 1992, "Storage of red light signal other than phytochrome Pfr for anthocyanin synthesis in sorghum".The research project afforded the results : 1) anthocyanin and other flavonoids having an intense absorption at the UV-B band are induced to be synthesized by UV-B and red light, and protect plant tissues from UV-B's harmful actions (Wellmann et al. 1984) ; 2) action spectra indicate that the induction of flavonoids including anthocyanin involves a UV-B photoreceptor with the maximum absorption at 290 nm, but not DNA damage (Hashimoto et al. 1991, 1993) ; 3) on UV-B exposure Rhodotorula minuta produces a UV-B-absobing substance from the cell wall, and reversibly releases K^+ into the medium, suggesting the presence of a UV-B-driven K^+ channel. These UV-B effects do not involve DNA damage, but may be controlled by a UV-B photoreceptor(Hashimoto and Hada 1993, in preparation) ; 4) an abnormal growth (coiling) of the UV-B irradiated Sorghum mesocotyl is closely correlated with the amount of thymine dimer formed, in accordance with an action spectrum and photoreactivation (Tsurumi et al. in preparation) ; 5) a convenient, specific determination method (ELIFA) of thymine dimer and other DNA photoproducts has been devised by modifying the Nikaido immunoassay method. The research results are adopted and extended from 1994 on in a UV-B project of global environmental researches of the Environment Agency of Japan. Less

这一国际科学研究计划是根据1990年3月30日签订的《科比和阿尔伯特-路德维希（弗赖堡）大学科学合作协议》于1991年至1993年进行的。首先，科比大学和弗莱堡大学的研究小组分别由T.桥本教授和H.Mohr教授领导，后来分别由Assumption.M.Shin教授和E.Wellmann教授接替。为了交流信息和开展研究，桥本教授从科比访问了弗赖堡，并于1991年6月至9月和1992年10月至12月在那里停留; S.Tsurumi博士，1991年8月至12月，Shin教授和Sakihama博士，1993年10月。1992年9月，韦尔曼教授从弗赖堡来到科比，在那里呆了两个星期。成员在两所大学举办的研讨会如下：T.Hashimoto于1991年7月在弗赖堡举办的“光诱导生长抑制和新型生长抑制剂A-2的代谢”。和E.Wellmann在科比，1992年9月，“UV-B envi ...更多信息 植物的紫外线B保护机制”。T.Hashimoto在弗赖堡，1992年11月，“除光敏色素Pfr之外的红光信号存储用于高粱花色苷合成”。该研究项目得出的结果：1）在UV-B波段具有强烈吸收的花色苷和其他黄酮类化合物被UV-B和红光诱导合成，并保护植物组织免受UV-B的有害作用（Wellmann等，1984）; 2）作用光谱表明，包括花青素在内的类黄酮的诱导涉及UV-B光感受器，其最大吸收在290 nm处，但不涉及DNA损伤（Hashimoto等人，1991，1993）; 3）在UV-B辐射下，微小红酵母细胞壁产生一种吸收UV-B的物质，并可逆地向培养基中释放K^+，这表明存在UV-B驱动的K^+通道。这些UV-B效应不涉及DNA损伤，但可能受UV-B光感受器控制（Hashimoto和Hada 1993，准备中）; 4）UV-B辐射的高粱中胚轴的异常生长（卷曲）与形成的胸腺嘧啶二聚体的量密切相关，与作用光谱和光复活一致（Tsurumi等，准备中）; 5）通过修改Nikaido免疫测定法，设计了胸腺嘧啶二聚体和其它DNA光产物的方便、特异的测定方法（ELIFA）。研究结果从1994年起被日本环境厅的全球环境研究UV-B项目所采用和推广。少

项目成果

Shichijo,C.: "Enhancement of red light-induced anthocyanin synthesis in sorghum first internodes by moderate low temperatures given in the preirradiation culture period." Planta. 191. 238-245 (1993)

Shichijo,C.：“通过预辐照培养期间的适度低温，增强高粱第一节间红光诱导的花青素合成。”

Hashimoto,T.: "Harmful and beneficial effects of solar UV light on plant growth." Proc.11th Int.Congr.Photobiol.551-554 (1993)

Hashimoto,T.：“太阳紫外线对植物生长的有害和有益影响。”

Hada,M.: "UV-B light-induced absorbance changes in the yeast Rhodotorula minuta." J.Photochem.Photobiol.B:Biol.17. 127-134 (1993)

Hada,M.：“UV-B 光诱导的酵母红酵母吸光度变化。”

HASHIMOTO, T.: "Growth inhibitors A-2α and A-2β, and red light-induced growth inhibition in dwarf pea." Progress in Plant Growth Regulation. 312-318 (1992)

HASHIMOTO, T.：“生长抑制剂 A-2α 和 A-2β，以及红光诱导的矮豌豆生长抑制。”植物生长调节进展 312-318（1992）。

Shichijo, C.: "Enhancement of red light-induced anthocyanin synthesis in sorghum first internodes by moderate low temperature given in the pre-irradiation culture period." Planta. 191. 238-245 (1993)

Shichijo, C.：“通过在辐照前培养期间给予适度的低温，增强高粱第一节间红光诱导的花青素合成。”