ORGANIC CHEMISTRY OF THE BIOSYSTEM CONTROL SUBSTANCES

1.神经毒素的结构决定、合成和传递机制：利用不同底物研究谷氨酸受体作用点的空间排列（Shirahama）。利用合成模型研究了雪卡毒素的绝对构型（Hirama）。推导了从黄蜂中分离的两种神经毒素的结构（Okumura）。对孢毒素和冈田酸中毒机理进行了研究。采用新方法合成了河豚毒素的重要中间体Isobe。测定了从植物中分离的神经营养化合物的结构（Kodama）。细胞生长控制因子：(+)- laurencin和(-)-dactylyne完全由新方法合成（Murai）。植物的抗侵染活性被发现与细胞中存在的不饱和脂肪酸烯丙基过氧化密切相关（T.Kato）。合成了万古霉素的活性成分，并测定了杂交菌株的产物结构（Yamamura）。从海洋动物中合成了更多的蕨菜致癌物，其DNA切割活性与ptaxiloside相当，并从ptaxiloside中分离出抗肿瘤化合物（Yamada）。从蓼科植物中分离得到8个抗肿瘤活性启动子，并测定了它们的结构（Hayashi）。对各种海洋生物活性化合物（草糜）进行了绝对构型测定和构型分析。合成了细胞毒性异戊二乙酸（Isoe）。2 .细胞毒性孜然素是从totalalis种（Mori）中分离得到的。对抗、化感和免疫佐剂活性：测定比目鱼防御肽的结构（Tachibana）。从革兰氏阴性菌中合成免疫佐剂脂磷壁酸（Kusumoto）。对氯罗德烷类二萜进行了合成研究（Tokoroyama）。以诺蒎酮为原料进行了jubavion和secopseudopeterocin A的合成研究（M,Kato）。获得了抗酶剂二侧帕劳酸的全合成和绝对构型（Uda）。从蕨类植物（Suga）中分离出具有化感性和离子转运启动子的化合物。从中山紫苏叶中分离到抗酶活性物质。从海洋植物中分离出5种对海鞘受精卵有抑制作用的二萜，并测定了它们的结构（Ochi）。少

1.Structural determination,synthesis and transmission mechanism of neurotoxin: Spatial arrangement of action points in glutamate receptor was studied using various substrates(Shirahama). Absolute configuration of cigatoxin was studied using synthesized models(Hirama). Structures of two neurotoxins isolated from wasps were deduced(Okumura). Mechanism of poisoning for palytoxin and okadaic acid was studied(Uemua). An important intermediate for synthesis of tetrodotoxin was synthesized via new method (Isobe). The structures of neurotrophic compounds isolated from plants were determined(Kodama).2. Control factor for cell growth: (+)-Laurencin and (-)-dactylyne were totally synthesized by newly developed method(Murai). Antiinfection activity of plants is found to be closely related with allylperoxidation of unsaturated fatty acids existing in the cells(T.Kato). The active part of vancomycin was synthesized and the structures of products from hybrid strains were determined(Yamamura). Analogs … More of bracken carcinogen,whose DNA cleaving activities were equivalents to ptaxiloside were synthesized and antitumoric compound was isolated from ptaxiloside, were synthesized and antitumoric compounds was isolated from marine animals (Yamada). Eight antitumoric activity promotors were isolated from Polypolaceae and their structures were determined(Hayashi). The determination of absolute configuration and configurational analysis were performed about various marine bioactive compounds(Kusumi). Cytotoxic ent-udoteatrial diacetate was synthesized (Isoe). Cytotoxic cumarines were isolated from Toddalis species(Mori).3. Antifeadant,allelopasy and immnoadjuvant activities: The structures of defensive peptides of flatfishes were determined(Tachibana). Immnoadjuvant lipoteichoic acid from gram-negative bacteria was synthesized (Kusumoto). Synthetic studies on clerodane diterpenoids were performed(Tokoroyama). Synthetic studies on jubavion and secopseudopeterocin A were carried out employing nopinone as a starting material(M,Kato). Total synthesis and absolute configuration of dysideapalaunic acid,antienzymatic agent, were achieved(Uda). The compounds showing allelopasy and promotors of iontransport were isolated from ferns(Suga). Antienzymatics were isolated from leaves of perilla(Nakayama). Five diterpenes, which show inhibitory activity on the cell devisoin of fertilized ascidian eggs, were isolated from marine plants and their structures were determined(Ochi). Less