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High-Resolution, High-Precision Observation of Solar X-Ray Images

太阳 X 射线图像的高分辨率、高精度观测

基本信息

批准号：
03402002
负责人：
WATANABE Tetsuya
金额：
$ 20.1万
依托单位：
National Astronomical Observatory
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
1991
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1991 至 1993
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

All the scientific instruments are working well in orbit and still sending the valuable data to the ground at the second anniversary of the launch of Yohkoh. They are observing the sun in the declining phase of activity. The data obtained in the first year started to be distributed to the world solar community with a convenient software package for the data analysis. The system to encourage world-wide collaborations has made progress. One of the important discoveries of Yohkoh is that the magnetic reconnection triggered by magnetic shears is revealed to the fundamental process of the solar coronal activity. In solar flares ample evidences are found to prove the magnetic energy is released by the process of magnetic reconnection, and then hot plasmas fill into the magnetic loop evaporated from the chromosphere. Cusp-shaped or sometimes X-shaped structures and their evolutions are observed, which is found consistent with the reconnection hypothesis. Impulsive loop-top hard X-ray sources are also found, adding further evidences of the magnetic reconnection in solar flares. One can note that these observations strongly increases the possibility of seeing the reconnection point in the magnetic neutral sheet. In soft X-ray spectra taken at the very initial phase of flares, completely blueshifted emission lines from hot thermal plasmas are observed, which imply the efficiency of thermal energy transport mechanism of chromospheric evaporation. Further, the entire solar corona is found very dynamic, and numerous X-ray brightenings and/or X-ray jets are discovered. They are also the candidates produced by the magnetic reconnection.

所有的科学仪器都在轨道上运行良好，在Yohkoh发射两周年之际，仍然将宝贵的数据发送到地面。他们正在观测处于活动衰退期的太阳。第一年获得的数据开始通过方便的数据分析软件包分发给世界太阳能社区。鼓励全球合作的制度取得了进展。Yohkoh的一个重要发现是，由磁切变引发的磁重联揭示了太阳日冕活动的基本过程。在太阳耀斑中发现了大量证据，证明磁能是通过磁重联过程释放出来的，然后热等离子体填充到从色球蒸发的磁环中。观察到尖形或有时X形的结构及其演化，这与重联假说是一致的。还发现了脉冲环顶硬X射线源，进一步证明了太阳耀斑中的磁重联。人们可以注意到，这些观测极大地增加了在磁中性片上看到重联点的可能性。在耀斑初始阶段拍摄的软X射线谱中，观察到了热热等离子体的完全蓝移的发射线，这表明色球蒸发的热能传输机制是有效的。此外，整个日冕被发现是非常动态的，并发现了大量的X射线增亮和/或X射线喷流。他们也是磁重联产生的候选者。