STUDIES OF CHARACTER AS PARASITOID AND PREDATOR OF DRYIND WASPS

观察了尖顶单角对虾(Haplogonatopus Apicalis)、亚洲单角对虾(H.atratus)、黄胸对虾(Pseudogonatopus Flavifus)和樱花鱼(Tetrodontochelys Sakaii)的产卵和捕食行为。四种硬毛蜂的上述行为在模式上基本一致。产卵行为模式分为12个阶段，捕食行为模式分为10个阶段。不同种类的干蜂在产卵过程中触角的运动也不同，并对干蜂的越冬生态进行了研究。在越冬季节，用黄粉虫和黄粉虫分别寄生4龄灰飞虱幼虫，并将其预蛹饲养在屏蔽式温室内。在长日照(16小时L…)条件下，对寄主和寄主寄生的费氏天牛和寄生的纹小蜂进行了饲养试验。更多的照明)和较短的日长(8小时照明)条件。在不同光照条件下，三种硬壳蜂的发育历期没有明显差异。由于一些寄生蜂的滞育是由寄主的生理状态控制的，所以我推测这些寄生蜂的滞育也受此影响，对寄生蜂成虫年龄的影响。研究了寄主密度、寄主幼虫龄期和寄主性别对寄生蜂性别分配的影响。研究结果如下：1.选用羽化后3-5、11-14、20-23日龄的受精雌蜂寄生寄主。子代的性比不受寄生蜂成虫年龄的影响。在寄主密度为10、40、100的条件下，雌雄比差异不显著。寄主幼虫龄期对产卵频率和性比有影响。3龄幼虫产卵频率最高，3龄幼虫后代雄虫比例最低。寄主的性别表型影响干果蜂子代性比的大小。雄蜂后代在雄性寄主上的比例低于雌性寄主。较少

Oviposition and predation behavior of Haplogonatopus apicalis, H.atratus, Pseudogonatopus flavifemur and Tetrodontochelys sakaii were observed. These behaviors of four species of dryinid wasps were almost alike in pattern respectively. The pattern of the oviposition behavior was divided into 12 steps, and that of predation behavior was divided into 10 steps. The movements of antennac during laying egg were different by the species of dryinid wasps.Hibernation ecology of dryinid wasps was also investigated. The 4th instar larvae of laodelphax striatellus were parasitized by the each of H.apicalis and P.flavifemur and the prepupae of H.apicalis were kept in screened greenhouse during the winter season. Adults of parasitoids weren't found to be appeared from their hosts and from the prepupae of parasitoids of this consignment.Sogatella fercifera parasitized by H.apicalis or Pseudogonatopus fulgori, and L.striatellus parasitized by H.atratus were reared under the long daylenght (16 hours l … More ighting) and short daylength (8 hours lighting) conditions. The developmental period in the three species of dryinid wasps was not different under these lighting conditions respectively. As it is known that the diapause of some parasitoids is controlled by physiological state of hosts, so I guessed the diapause of these dryinid wasps had influence by that.The influence on the adult age of parasitoids. host density, instars of host larvae and host sex affect on sex allocation of parasitoid were investigated. The result is as follows :1. I selected and used the fertilized female parasitoids to parasitize the hosts from 3-5, 11-14 and 20-23 days age groups after their emergence. The sex ratio of progenics didn't recieve the influence by adult age of parasitoids.2. The statistical significant difference wasn't recognized at the sex ratio in 10, 40 and 100 bunch of host density.3. The larval instar of host affected on the ovipositonal frequency and sex ratio. The ovipositional frequency was the highest on the 3rd instar larvac, and the male ratio of progenies was the lowest on the 3rd instar larvae as well.4. The sexual phenotypes of host affected the influence on the sex ratio of the progenies of dryinid wasps. The male ratio of progenies of dryinid wasps was lower on the male hosts than the female hosts. Less