Studies on chemical basis controlling oviposition behavior of swallowtail butterflies

雌性燕尾蝶（凤蝶科，鳞翅目）受到寄主植物中含有的特定化学成分的刺激而产卵。本研究旨在阐明几种燕尾的促排卵系统的化学性质。结果总结如下：1。柑橘叶片中食芸香科燕尾凤蝶的产卵刺激物由10种化合物组成，每种化合物相互之间具有协同作用。从另一寄主花椒中鉴定出一种黄酮苷。考察了各黄酮的构效关系。从异tropa aspera的叶片中分离出一种促卵剂Luehdorfia japonica，经鉴定为黄酮醇甘油三酯。许多以马兜铃科为食的燕尾与宿主植物毒素马兜铃酸（AAs）有关。发现嗜酸Atrophaneura alcinous可以被一种环醇和一种新发现的苹果酸肉桂酯刺激。其他一些亲缘种的幼虫在防御腺体中积累AAs。

Females of swallowtail butterflies (Papilionidae, Lepidoptera) are stimulated to lay eggs in response to the specific chemical ingredients contained in their host plants. This study is aimed to clarify the chemical nature of oviposition stimulant systems by several swallowtail species. The results are summarized bellow:1. Oviposition stimulants of a Rutaceae-feeding swallowtail, Papilio xuthus, in the leaves of Citrus unshiu consisted of 10 compounds, each of which were acting synergistically on others. A flavanone glycoside was identified from another host, Zanthoxylum piperitum. The structure-activity relationship among the flavanones were examined.2. One of the oviposition stimulant of a zerynthiine swallowtail, Luehdorfia japonica was isolated from the leaves of Heterotropa aspera and characterized as a flavonol triglycoside.3. Many Aristolochiaceae-feeding swallowtails are associated with the host plant toxins called aristolochic acids (AAs). Atrophaneura alcinous was found to be stimulated by AAs together with a cyclitol and a newly identified cinnamic ester of malic acid. Larvae of some other related species were shown to accumulate AAs in the defensive osmeterial glands.