Possible involvement of the parasympathetic cerebrovascular innervation in regulation of cerebral blood flow

1.急性脑动脉闭塞对脑血管周围神经分布的影响研究结果表明，不同的脑动脉闭塞方式对血管周围神经分布有不同的影响。大脑动脉腔内操作或短暂的颅外操作引起的动脉闭塞至少在3天内不影响脑血管周围神经。相反，腔外电凝闭塞脑动脉可减少闭塞脑动脉周围的血管周围神经。蛛网膜下腔出血对室管膜上5-羟色胺能神经分布的影响：蛛网膜下腔出血后6h处死大鼠，室管膜上5-羟色胺免疫染色明显减少，并持续至14d，至出血后28d恢复。大鼠三叉神经节注射甘油。用组织学和免疫组织化学方法观察局部注射甘油对大鼠三叉神经的影响。本研究提示，局部注射甘油可引起三叉神经CGRP和SP免疫反应阳性神经变性。用WGA-HRP顺行追踪技术观察到，大脑主要动脉的副交感神经支配来源于蝶腭神经节，经筛动脉与颅内动脉形成侧支吻合。

1. Effect of acute cerebral arterial occlusion on the distribution of cerebral perivascular innervation.The results of the study indicate that the different modes of cerebral arterial occlusion have variable effects on the perivascular innervation. Arterial occlusion induced either by the intraluminal maneuvers of the cerebral artery or the transient extracranial procedures does not impare cerebral perivascular innervation at least up to 3 days. To the contrary, cerebral arterial occlusion with extraluminal electrocoagulation diminishes perivascular nerves around the occluded cerebral artery.2. Effect of subarachnoid hemorrhade on the distribution of the supraependymal serotonergic nerve.A marked reduction in supraependymal serotonin immunostaining was observed in rats sacrificed as early as 6 h post subarachnoid hemorrhage and this change continued until 14 days and recovered by 28 days following subarachnoid hemorrhage.3. Glycerol injection to the rat trigeminal ganglion.The effect of topical glycerol injection to the rat trigeminal nerves was investigated histologically and immunohistochemically. The study suggested that topical glycerol injection into the trigeminal nerve induced degeneration of the nerve immunoreactive to CGRP and SP.4. Anterograde tracing of the parasympathetic nerve from the sphenopalatine ganglion.The observations with the anterograde tracing technique with WGA-HRP revealed that the parasympathetic innervation of the major cerebral arteries was derived from the sphenopalatine ganglion via the ethmoidal arteries which connect in a collateral anastomotic fashin with the intracranial arteries.