Study on the Applicability of Common Mermosets in Developmental Toxicity Tests

本研究的目的是建立普通绒猴（Callithrix jacchus）发育毒性试验并收集背景资料。本研究使用了20对在本研究所出生的普通狨猴。通过短期交配（分娩后7 ~ 14天）获得怀孕动物。妊娠率43%，流产率8%。从腹壁触诊子宫诊断妊娠，从第45天开始诊断妊娠。分别于妊娠第110天（109 ~ 111天）和妊娠第100天或120天进行剖腹产。妊娠第110天胎仔平均体重10.2g，体长60 mm，尾长58 mm。主要器官的平均重量为心脏84毫克，肺249毫克，肝脏343毫克。妊娠第100天胎儿的主要骨骼发育还比较不成熟。妊娠第120天出现死亡胎，其余胎均存活，未见畸形。研究了维甲酸（全反式维甲酸，Sigma化学公司）对普通狨猴胎儿的影响。在妊娠第50 ~ 52天给予维甲酸30 mg和300 mg/kg/天（N = 2），在妊娠第50 ~ 56天给予维甲酸50 mg （N = 2）或100 mg和300 mg/kg/天（N = 3）。30 mg^- 3天组全部发生流产，50 mg^- 7天组1例（50%）流产，300 mg^- 7天组2例（66%）流产，100 mg^- 7天组1例（10%）胎儿死亡。骨骼异常包括颞骨异常（56%）、下颌骨发育不全（44%）、尾骨缺损（11%）和肢骨异常（11%）。研究发现，普通狨猴在服用维甲酸后表现出与其他灵长类动物相同的畸形。

The purpose of this study was to establish a developmental toxicity test using common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) and collect background data.Twenty pairs of common marmosets born in our institute were used. Pergnant animals were obtained by short-term mating (between 7 and 14 days after delivery). The gestation rate was 43% and the abortion rate was 8%. Pregnancy was diagnosed by palpation of the uterus from the abdominal wall and pregnancy could be diagnosed from the 45th day. Caesarian section was performed on the 110th day of gestation (109-111th day of gestation) and the 100th or 120th day of gestation.The mean body weight of the fetuses on the 110th day of gestation was 10.2g, the body length 60 mm and the tail length 58 mm. The mean weights of the main organs were 84 mg for the heart, 249 mg for the lungs, and 343 mg for the liver. Growth of the main bones in fetuses on the 100th day of gestation was still comparatively immature. Dead fetuses were observed on the 120th day of gestation, but all of the other fetuses survived and no deformations were found.The effects of retinoic acid (All-trans retinoic acid, Sigma Chemical Co.) on the fetuses of common marmosets were studied. Retinoic acid was administered at doses of 30 mg and 300 mg/kg/day (N = 2) on days 50 - 52 of gestation, and 50 mg (N = 2) or 100 mg and 300 mg/kg/day (N = 3) on days 50 - 56 of gestation.Abortions occurred in all marmosets in the 30 mg^- 3 day group, one animal- (50%) in the 50 mg^- 7 day group and two cases (66%) in the 300 mg^- 7 day group, Fetal death was observed in one animal (10%) in the 100 mg^- 7 day group. Skeletal anomalies including temporal anomalies (56%), hypoplastic mandibles (44%), tail bone defects (11%) and limb bone anomalies (11%) were also observed.It was found that common marmosets showed the same malformations as other primates when administered retinoic acid.