Study on the Refining of Steel by Manganese Ore

近年来，由于锰矿价格低廉，利用锰矿炼钢已引起人们的极大关注。为了更好地利用锰矿，采用CaF_2-CaO-Al_2O_3-Mn_3O_4熔剂与铁液在1600 ℃、氩气保护下反应，研究了锰氧化物脱磷脱硫的同时反应。在运行过程中以适当的时间间隔采集几个铁样品，并分析锰、磷、硫和氧的含量以进行速率分析。采取焊剂样品，估算焊剂的磷酸盐容量和硫化物容量。结果如下：1）发生了脱磷、脱硫、锰从熔剂向铁液的迁移以及氧在熔剂和铁液之间的分配等反应。这些反应在短时间内达到平衡。2)通过对熔剂中磷容量和硫容量的估算，发现含氧化锰的熔剂具有一定的精炼作用。3)在此条件下，硫或氧在熔剂与铁液之间的转移在初期迅速进行，其它反应即脱磷和锰从熔剂向铁液的转移也迅速进行。这一现象被认为是界面湍流的结果。4)但模型计算结果表明，用现有的熔剂在如此短的时间内精炼钢是不可能的，必须采用机械搅拌。

Much attention has recently been paid to utilizing manganese ore in making steel because it is inexpensive. In order to utilize manganese ore more useful, the simultaneous reactions of dephosphorization and desulfurization by manganese oxide were investigated.Experiments were carried out by reacting CaF_2-CaO-Al_2O_3-Mn_3O_4 flux and liquid iron at 1600ﾟC under argon atmosphere. Several iron samples were taken at appropriate intervals during a run and analyzed for manganese, phosphorus, sulfur and oxygen contents for the rate analysis. Flux sample was taken for estimating the phosphate capacity and the sulfide capacity of flux. The results are as follows; 1) Reactions of dephosphorization, desulfurization, transfer of manganese from flux to liquid iron and distribution of oxygen between flux and iron occurred. These reactions reached an equilibrium within a short period. 2) From the estimation of the phosphate capacity and the sulfide capacity, it was found that the flux containing manganese oxide could refine steel. 3) Under conditions a rapid transfer of sulfur or oxygen between flux and liquid iron occurred at initial period, also the other reactions-that is, dephosphorization and transfer of manganese from flux to iron-proceeded fast. This phenomenon was presumed to the interfacial turbulence. 4) However, the results by model calculation made clear the impossibility of refining steel by present flux with so short time and the necessity for stirring steel mechanically.