Ethnological Study of Population Movement in Oceania

大洋洲人口流动的民族学研究

基本信息

批准号：
04041117
负责人：
SUDO Kenichi
金额：
$ 13.44万
依托单位：
Kobe University (1993-1994)National Museum of Ethnology (1992)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
财政年份：
1992
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1992 至 1994
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Most of the Oceanian societies, which had long been ruled by external colonial power, obtained political independence during the past thirty years while becoming part of the gloval economic and political system. In the process to promote development, modernization and Westernization of their economy, society and culture, a large-scale emigration of the younger members of the work force to metropolitan countries is one of big problems in those Micro-states in Oceania.The purpose of our project is to study this particular problem of emigration, together with its economic, social, and cultural influences on home countries, from a comparative anthropological perspective. We selected seven countries as the subject for research and conducted fieldwork in the academic year 1992-93 : the kingdom of Tonga, Western Samoa, the Cook Islands, and American Samoa in Polynesia which are called MIRAB societies ; the Federated States of Micronesia, The Republic of the Marshall Islands, and the Republic of Palau in Micronesia.In the academic year 1993-94 and 1994-95 the research areas were shifted to the urban areas in host countries where emigrants from those seven Oceanian countries were living and working : New Zealand, Australia, Guam, The Nothern Marianas, Hawaii and the mainland United States. Research focused primarily on : the motivation of emigration ; life history of emigrants ; the emigrants' economic and social lives including religious activities ; social relationships among peer emigrants coming from same community, islands, and countries ; relations and communications with people and remittances to the family in the home countries ; the immigration policy of the host countries ; the social adaptation and cultural identity in the host countries ; relations with neighboring people, both native and immigrant, including friction and conflicts with them ; and changes in emigrants' philosophy and outlook on life.

长期以来一直由外部殖民权力统治的大多数大洋社会在过去三十年中获得了政治独立性，同时成为Gloval经济和政治体系的一部分。在促进其经济，社会和文化的发展，现代化和西化的过程中，劳动力的年轻成员向大都市的那些微观国家中的大规模移民是一个大问题之一。我们项目的目的是研究这一特殊的移民问题，以及其经济，社会，社会和文化对家庭的影响，以及从家庭中的文化影响，从家庭中进行比较。我们在1992 - 93年的学年选择了七个国家作为研究和进行野外工作的主题：汤加王国，西萨摩亚，库克群岛和波利尼西亚的美国萨摩亚，这被称为Mirab Societies；密克罗尼西亚，马歇尔群岛共和国和帕劳共和国的联邦州位于密克罗尼西亚。在1993-94和1994 - 95年的学年，研究领域转移到了东道国的城市地区，那里的七个大洋洲国家的移民生活和工作。研究的重点是：移民的动机；移民的生活历史；移民的经济和社会生活，包括宗教活动；来自同一社区，岛屿和国家的同伴移民之间的社会关系；与人的关系和沟通以及家庭国家的家庭汇款；东道国的移民政策；东道国的社会适应和文化认同；与邻近的人（包括摩擦和与他们冲突）的邻近人际关系；以及移民的哲学和生活前景的变化。