Cristalization of Polymers and Development to the Texture

1.平衡熔点T_m^o是聚合物结晶过程中的一个临界值，因为晶体生长本质上不是由结晶温度本身来描述的，而是由过冷度来描述的。对于聚苯乙烯，T_m^o比文献报道的值高出20K。测定了聚乙烯的精确相图，包括液体、正交体和六方固体的三相点。2.发现聚苯乙烯片层中的晶核很薄。这些片层的数量增加，并通过螺位错分枝形成球晶。在电子显微镜下直接观察了聚苯乙烯薄膜的晶体生长，生长面周围的熔体比薄膜薄，导致生长速度下降。3.对聚乙烯熔体生长的详细实验表明，从区域I到区域II的转变导致了从六方晶形到透镜晶形的形态转变。4.包括聚四氟乙烯在内的刚性聚合物通常结晶成平行于链轴的纤维，没有任何折叠。然而，提高结晶温度会导致纤维的形成，纤维的轴线垂直于链轴。5.首次观察到含氟聚合物聚偏氟乙烯及其与三氟乙烯芳香族铁电共聚物的铁电性和电极化引起的电畴结构，聚合物铁与非聚合物属于同一类。6.研究了几种共混物(PEO/PMMA、PVDF/PMMA、PCL/PVME)中结晶聚合物的层状结构和球晶的形成，结果表明结晶聚合物在非结晶聚合物中的扩散控制了结晶聚合物的形态。7.对聚合物晶体形状和片层厚度的理论研究和模拟可以定性地再现实验结果，并已达到

1. The equilibrium melting point T_m^o is a critical quantity in polymer cristallization since crystal growth is essentially described not by the crystallization temperature itself but the super cooling. For polystirene the T_m^o was found to be higher than the reported value by 20K.The precise phase diagram of polyethylene has been determined including the triple point among liquid, the orthorhombic and hexagonal solids. 2. The crystal core in lamellae of polystirene has been found to be very thin. These lamellae increase their number and Branch through screw dislocations to form spherulites. Direct observation of the crystal growth in an electron microscope was done on polystirene thin films ; the melt around the growth face is thinner than the film and causes a decrease in growth rate. 3. Detailed experiments on the melt growth of polyethlene showed that the transition from regime I to II gives rise to a morphological transition from a hexagonal to a lenticular crystal shape. 4. Rigid polymersincluding polythtrafluoroethylene usually crystallize to form fibrils parallel to the chain axis without any foldings. However, increasing the crystallization temperature causes the formation of fibris, the axis of which are perpendicular to the chain axis. 5. The fluoride polymers, poly (vinylidene fluoride) and its copolymer with trifluoroethylene ara ferroelectric, and domain structre due to electric polarization has been observed for the first time ; the polymer ferroele13EA\ : ctrics belongs to the same category as the non-polymeric one. 6. The lammelar structre and spherulite formation in several mixtures (PEO/PMMA, PVDF/PMMA, PCL/PVME) were investigated, and it is concluded that diffusion of the crystalline polymer through uncrystallizable polymer controls the morphology. 7. Theoretical investigation and simulation on the shape of polymer crystals and lamellar thickness could reproduce the experimental results qualitatively and has reached