Cristalization of Polymers and Development to the Texture

聚合物的结晶和织构的发展

• 批准号: 04302055
• 负责人: MIYAJI Hideki
• 金额: $ 1.09万
• 依托单位: KYOTO UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Co-operative Research (A)
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1992 至 1993
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-04302055/
• 关键词: Polymer Crystals; Crystal Growth; Equilibrim Melting Temperature; Crystalline Texture; Morphology; Regime Transition; Nucleation; Thin Film; 剛直性高分子; ブレンド; 界面; 平衝融取温度; 糀形成

1. The equilibrium melting point T_m^o is a critical quantity in polymer cristallization since crystal growth is essentially described not by the crystallization temperature itself but the super cooling. For polystirene the T_m^o was found to be higher than the reported value by 20K.The precise phase diagram of polyethylene has been determined including the triple point among liquid, the orthorhombic and hexagonal solids. 2. The crystal core in lamellae of polystirene has been found to be very thin. These lamellae increase their number and Branch through screw dislocations to form spherulites. Direct observation of the crystal growth in an electron microscope was done on polystirene thin films ; the melt around the growth face is thinner than the film and causes a decrease in growth rate. 3. Detailed experiments on the melt growth of polyethlene showed that the transition from regime I to II gives rise to a morphological transition from a hexagonal to a lenticular crystal shape. 4. Rigid polymersincluding polythtrafluoroethylene usually crystallize to form fibrils parallel to the chain axis without any foldings. However, increasing the crystallization temperature causes the formation of fibris, the axis of which are perpendicular to the chain axis. 5. The fluoride polymers, poly (vinylidene fluoride) and its copolymer with trifluoroethylene ara ferroelectric, and domain structre due to electric polarization has been observed for the first time ; the polymer ferroele13EA\ : ctrics belongs to the same category as the non-polymeric one. 6. The lammelar structre and spherulite formation in several mixtures (PEO/PMMA, PVDF/PMMA, PCL/PVME) were investigated, and it is concluded that diffusion of the crystalline polymer through uncrystallizable polymer controls the morphology. 7. Theoretical investigation and simulation on the shape of polymer crystals and lamellar thickness could reproduce the experimental results qualitatively and has reached

1.由于晶体生长本质上不是由结晶温度本身而是由过冷来描述的，因此平衡熔点T_m^o是聚合物结晶的临界量。聚苯乙烯的T_m^o比文献值高出20 K。测定了聚乙烯的精确相图，包括液相、正交相和六方相的三相点。2.发现聚苯乙烯薄片中的晶核很薄。这些片晶通过螺旋位错增加其数量和分支形成球晶。在电子显微镜下直接观察晶体生长的聚苯乙烯薄膜;生长面周围的熔体比薄膜薄，导致生长速率下降。3.对聚乙烯熔体生长的详细实验表明，从制度I到II的过渡引起从六角到透镜状晶体形状的形态过渡。4.包括聚四氟乙烯在内的刚性聚合物通常结晶形成平行于链轴的原纤维，没有任何折叠。然而，提高结晶温度会导致纤维的形成，其轴与链轴垂直。5.首次观察到含氟聚合物聚偏氟乙烯及其与三氟乙烯的共聚物具有铁电性和极化畴结构，聚合物铁电性与非聚合物铁电性属于同一范畴。6.研究了几种混合物（PEO/PMMA、PVDF/PMMA、PCL/PVME）的层片结构和球晶形成，得出结晶聚合物通过不可结晶聚合物的扩散控制了形态的结论。7.对聚合物晶体形状和片层厚度的理论研究和模拟可以定性地再现实验结果，

项目成果

河口昭義: "Environment-induced Morphological Changes of Polyethylene Lamellae during Crystallization in Solution." Journal of Polymer Science:Part B. 32. 421-436 (1994)

Akiyoshi Kawaguchi：“溶液中结晶过程中环境引起的聚乙烯片层形态变化。高分子科学杂志：B 部分。32. 421-436 (1994)

戸田昭彦: "Growth of Polyethylene Single Crystals from the Melt:Morphology." Colloid and Polymer Science. 271. 328-342 (1993)

户田明彦：“熔体中聚乙烯单晶的生长：形态学”271. 328-342 (1993)

宮本嘉久: "Growth of Isotactic Polystyrene Crystals in Concentrated Solutions and in the Melt." Polymer. 33. 2496-2501 (1992)

Yoshihisa Miyamoto：“浓缩溶液和熔体中等规聚苯乙烯晶体的生长”。33. 2496-2501 (1992)。

上羽 牧夫: "Roughening and Smoothing of Steps with Surface Diffusion." Surface Science. 283. 366-370 (1993)

Makio Ueba：“利用表面扩散对台阶进行粗糙化和平滑化。” 283. 366-370 (1993)

Yamaguchi, S.: "Morphlogical Changes of Poly (tetra-fluoreothlene) by heat treatment on NaCl" J.Materials Research. 8. 2942-2947 (1993)

Yamaguchi, S.：“在 NaCl 上热处理聚（四氟乙烯）的形态变化”J.Materials Research。