EFFECTS OF PROLONGED BED REST ON PHYSIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS AND COUNTER-MEASUREMENT AGAINST THE EFFECTS IN HUMAN SUBJECTS

长期卧床对生理功能的影响以及针对人类受试者的影响的反测量

• 批准号: 04401018
• 负责人: GUNJI Atsuaki
• 金额: $ 6.98万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TOKYO
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (A)
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1992 至 1994
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-04401018/
• 关键词: bed rest; maximal oxygen uptake; bone metabolism; orthostatic tolerance; energy metabolism; inactivity; lower body negative pressure (LBNP); muscle mass; ヘッドレスト; 筋代謝; 起立性循環調節耐容能; 心臓血管系; 起立性環調節耐容能; 最大酸素摂取量; 左心室拡張末期径; 起立性循環耐容能; 皮質骨; HDL-コレス

To investigate the effects of prolonged bed rest on human physiological conditioning, total 29 young subjects (18 males, 11 females) had been studied before and after 20 days of horizontal bed rest (BR) for 3 years period since 1992. The results of measured variables after BR as compared before BR were as following : (1) Despite unchanged body weight body fat mass increased, and muscle mass of lower body, specially antigravity muscle mass, was decreased as well as the muscle strength. (2) Maximal oxygen uptake, and cardiac output (CO) and stroke volume (SV) during both supine exercise and upright exercise with mild-moderate intensities were decreased, but maximal heart rate (HR) was unchanged and mechanical efficiency was increased. (3) supine resting left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVDd) was decreased as well as the SV in order to the increased HR,while the oxygen uptake was slightly decrease and CO and arterial blood pressure were unchanged. (4) LVDd during -40 mmHg lower bo … More dy negative pressure (LBNP) and orthostatic intolerance were decreased and the HR increased. However, despite the decreased HR the orthostatic tolerance time reduced against LBNP was not improved by intravenous propranolol. The tachycardia exaggerated during LBNP after the BR could not be explained by changes in carotid, aortic, and cardiopulmonary reflexes or autonomous reactivity. (5) Neither arm nor venous compliance was changed by the BR.(6) Bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumber bone decreased after BR, and also urinary daily excretion of deoxtptridinoline increased at day 10 and declined at day 20. However, neither alkaline phosphataes nor tartarated-resistant acid phosphatase changed. The interrelation between resorption makers for bone matrix and peripheral monocyte of the cytokines interlocking 1 alpha and tumor necrosis factor alpha was unchanged. (7) plasma concentrations of total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride, free fatty acid and apolipoprotein B were unchanged in fasting blood after BR,while apolipoprotain AI decreased from day 3 and remained the decrease until day 20. In the very low density lipoprotein fraction, triglyceride and cholesterol increased. In the lipolytic enzyme activity, lectin cholesterol acyltrasferase activity increased, lipoprotein lipase activity decreased, but hepatic triglyceride lipase activity was unchanged. (8) total glucose concentration summed during 75 g oral glucose tolerance test was unchanged, but the total insulin concentration increased after BR,and thus blood glucose/insulin ratio decreased. (9) The General Health Questionnaire increased, Zung' self-rating depression scale elevated after BR, and urinary excretion of 17-hydroxycorticosteroid increased at day 9. (10) Fluctuation of body action center of gravitational weight was increased and thus functions of maintaining standing position was reduced after BR.(11) An adjustment of deep sensation to knee angle might be lowered by the re Less

为探讨长时间卧床对人体生理机能的影响，自1992年以来，对29名青年受试者(男18名，女11名)进行了为期3年的卧床前后3年的研究。BR后与BR前相比，测量变量如下：(1)在体重不变的情况下，体脂质量增加，下半身肌肉质量，特别是反重力肌肉质量下降，肌力下降。(2)无论是仰卧位运动还是中强度立位运动，最大摄氧量、心输出量(CO)和每搏输出量(SV)均降低，最大心率(HR)无明显变化，机械效率增加。(3)随着心率的升高，仰卧位静息状态下左室舒张末期内径(LVDd)减小，每搏量(SV)减小，摄氧量略有下降，CO和动脉压无明显变化。(4)-40毫米汞柱低位…期间的LVDd动态负压(LBNP)和立位耐力降低，心率增加。然而，尽管心率降低，静注普奈洛尔并不能改善立位耐力时间。下体负荷性心动过速不能用颈动脉、主动脉和心肺反射或自主反应性的改变来解释。(6)BR后腰骨骨密度(BMD)下降，尿脱氧三氢喹啉排泄量在第10天增加，第20天下降，但碱性磷酸酶和抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶无明显变化。骨基质吸收标志物与外周血单核细胞细胞因子1α、肿瘤坏死因子α的相互关系无明显变化。(7)BR后空腹血中总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、甘油三酯、游离脂肪酸和载脂蛋白B浓度无明显变化，载脂蛋白AI从第3天开始下降，并持续下降至第20天。在脂解酶活性中，凝集素胆固醇酰基转移酶活性升高，脂蛋白脂肪酶活性降低，但肝甘油三酯脂肪酶活性不变。(8)75g口服葡萄糖耐量试验中总葡萄糖浓度无明显变化，但BR后总胰岛素浓度升高，血糖/胰岛素比值降低。(9)BR后一般健康问卷增加，Zung‘s抑郁自评量表升高，第9天尿17-羟基皮质类固醇排泄量增加。(10)BR后身体重心波动增加，站立功能减弱。(11)BR后深感觉对膝关节角度的调节能力降低。

项目成果

Haruna,Y.,Suzuki,Y.,Kawakubo,K.,Gunji,A.: "Orthostatic tolerance and autonomous nervous functions before and after 20-day-bedrest." Acta Physiol Scand 150,Suppl.616. 71-81 (1994)

Haruna,Y.、Suzuki,Y.、Kawakubo,K.、Gunji,A.：“20 天卧床休息前后的直立耐受性和自主神经功能。”

Gunji, A.: "Bed rest studies developed during 1990-1993 in Japan-Out line of research project." Acta Physiol Scand. 150, Suppl 616. 1-4 (1994)

Gunji, A.：“1990 年至 1993 年期间，日本的卧床休息研究在日本以外的研究项目中开展。”

Gunji,Atuaki(編著): "Inactivity and Health-Effect of Bedrest on Health-(印刷中)" Acta Physiologica Scandinavica,Suppl.616. 150. 1-114 (1994)

Gunji, Atuaki（编辑）：“卧床休息对健康的影响”，Acta Physiologica Scandinavica，增刊 150. 1-114 (1994)。

Suzuki,Y.,Kasnihara,H.,Kawakubo,K.,Gunji,A.: "20 days bed-rest on insulin action in relation with both fat in young subjests." The Physiologist. 36. S153-S154 (1993)

Suzuki,Y.、Kasnihara,H.、Kawakubo,K.、Gunji,A.：“卧床 20 天对年轻受试者中胰岛素作用与脂肪的影响。”

Haruna, Y., Suzuki, Y., Kawakubo, Y., Gunji, A.: "Orthostatic tolerance and autonomous nervous functions before and after 20-days-bedrest." Acta Physiol Scand. 150, Suppl.616. 71-81 (1994)

Haruna, Y.、Suzuki, Y.、Kawakubo, Y.、Gunji, A.：“20 天卧床休息前后的直立耐受性和自主神经功能。”