Development of a new method for simply and sensitivily detecting blood group antigens with the aid of dyed microspheres

利用染色微球技术，建立了一种检测血型抗原的新方法。该程序包括使用a)类型特异性单克隆抗体或凝集素和b)化学合成的与染色微球紧密连接的血型抗原，以检测a)血型抗原及其相关抗原和b)类型特异性抗体或凝集素。血液、唾液、血迹、精液和组织提取物中抗原和抗体的存在可以很容易和具体地确定，因此本方法已被证明适用于法医目的。此外，用新建立的抗糖缀合物单克隆抗体包被染色的微球，可以通过与患者血浆样品的可见凝集反应检测到一些被称为肿瘤标志物和/或血型抗原的糖缀合物，以用于诊断目的。该方法目前已应用于糖蛋白固定化染色微球筛选新的凝集素和单克隆抗体，该微球经一系列糖苷酶处理并具有新的糖缀合物。

A novel and simple method for detection of blood group antigens has been developed with the aid of dyed microspheres. The procedure involved the use of a) type specific monoclonal antibodies or lectins and b) chemically synthesized blood group antigens covelently linked to dyed microspheres in order to detect a) blood group antigens and their related antigens and b) type specific antibodies or lectins. The presence of antigens and antibodies in blood, salivas, blood stains, semen and tissue extracts could be determined so easily and specifically that the present method was proved to be applicalble for the forensic purpose. In addition, with the dyed microspheres coated with the newly established anti-glycoconjugate monoclonal antibodies, some glycoconjugates which were known as tumor-markers and/or blood group antigens could be detedted through the visible agglutination reaction with plasma samples from patients for the diagnostic purpose. The present method is now applied to screen novel lectins and monoclonal antibodies using glycoproteins immoblized dyed microspheres which had been treated with a series of glycosidases and had novel glycoconjugates.