Medical Scientific Research on Highlanders in Himalayas

1. 尼泊尔喜马拉雅地区呼吸生理研究。对尼泊尔昆布地区呼吸控制的高原适应机制进行了研究。在1300m、2827m、3440m和4430m分别从呼气末肺容量角度研究屏气试验时静息通气量和SpO2s以及氧气对这些参数的影响。这些参数与低氧通气反应之间的关系分析表明，即使在适应期后，低氧化学敏感性的增加也伴随着低氧通气抑制，这在海平面急性低氧缺氧研究中得到了明显的发现。尼泊尔EB病毒相关肿瘤的病理研究。本文对加德满都特里班大学医院病理科和帕坦CMN医院病理科的24例淋巴瘤和54例胃癌标本进行了免疫学和病理学研究。7 / 8的HD和1 / 16的非霍奇金淋巴瘤患者显示LMP-1和EBER-1 ISH阳性。在胃癌方面，54人中只有1人呈阳性。38例低分化型中14例幽门螺杆菌感染，2例粘液型中1例幽门螺杆菌感染。高、中分化型13例无阳性。高原动物组织学研究。对生长在尼泊尔、喜马拉雅地区和青藏高原的牦牛肺泡结构进行了组织学研究。光学显微镜研究表明，牦牛的肺泡间隙更宽，肺泡壁更薄，肺泡壁中的弹性纤维比人类更清晰。电镜观察显示，ⅱ型肺泡内皮细胞比大鼠少，Kohn氏孔多且大。这些肺泡结构的改变被认为是对长期缺氧的形态学适应性反应。

1. Respirato-physiological study in Nepal Himalayan. Study of altitude acclimatization mechanism of respiratory control was carried out in Nepal Khumbu area. Resting ventilation and SpO2s during breath holding test from end-expiratory lung volume and effect of oxygen on these parameters were studied at 1300m, 2827m, 3440m and 4430m. Analysis of relationships between these parameters and hypoxic ventilaotry response revealed that even after acclimatizing period increased hypoxic chemosensitivity was accompanied by hypoxic ventilatory depression which was markedly detected in acute hypobaric hypoxia study at sea level.2. Pathological study on EB virus related tumors in Nepal. Regional differences have been reported in a histological type of Hodgkin disease (HD) and frequency of EB virus related HD.24 cases of lymphoma and 54 cases of gastric cancer speciemens of the pathological department of Tribuban University Hospital and CMN Patan Hospital in Katmandu were studied immunologically and pathologically. 7 out of 8 HD and 1 out of 16 non-Hodgkin lymphoma cases revealed LMP-1 and EBER-1 ISH positive. In case of gastric cancer, only one out of 54 cases was a positive. Helicobacter Pylori infection was identified in 14 cases out of 38 low differentiated type and one case out of 2 mucous type. No case was positive in 13 high and intermediate differentiated types.3. Histological study on high-altitude animals. Histological study on alveolar structure of Yak (Bos grunnieens) grown up in Nepal Himalayan region and Tibetan plateau was performed. Optical microscopic study showed that the Yak have wider alveolar space and thinner alveolar wall, though elastic fibers in the wall were more clearly identified than that of human. Electron microscopic study showed fewer type II alveolar endothelial cell and more and larger Kohn's pores than rat. These modified configuration in alveolar structure is considered to be morphological adaptive response to long term hypoxia.