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Ocean Dynamics and Climate in the Western Pacific

西太平洋的海洋动力学和气候

基本信息

批准号：
05044034
负责人：
YAMAGATA Toshio
金额：
$ 5.12万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
财政年份：
1993
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1993 至 1994
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-05044034/
关键词：
Climate Variability The Equatorial Jets A Coupled Atmosphere-Ocean Model Kuroshio A High-resolution Ocean General Circulation Mode IOC WESTPAC GCOS GOOS WCRP CLIVAR

项目摘要

The present international cooperative research on the ocean dynamics and climate issues in the western Pacific Ocean was promoted as a part of ODC (Ocean Dynamics and Climate) program under the IOC/WESTPAC.In particular, we facilitated cooperative researches using an oceanic general circulation model, exchange of observed data, the arrangement of observation plans among the related countries. The following are the main outcomes of the present research program.1) A high-resolution Indo-Pacific oceanic general circulation model (OGCM) demonstrates that the seasonal variation of the sea level around Southeast Asia is governed by the local monsoonal winds and the equatorial Kelvin Jets generated remotely during the transition period of the monsoon in the central and eastern Indian Ocean. It also shows that the semiannual aspect appeared in the transport through the Lombok Strait results from the reduction of the posotive pressure gradient across the strait due to the propagation of the Kel … More vin Jets along the southern coast of Indonesia. To detect the surface current fields associated with those jets, surface drifting buoys are deployed off southern coast of Indonesia in November 1993 based on the result of model buoy trajectories simulated in the OGCM.2) We are successful in reproducing a detailed three-dimensional structure of Kuroshio south of Japan by use of a high-resolution OGCM which can predict the surface elevation explicitly. An analysis of a torque balance for the depth integrated transport indicates that the Kuroshio transport over the continental slope area west of Ryukyu Islands is strongly affected by an interaction between the ocean and the solid earth through the bottom pressure torque.3) We analyzed the variations on intraseasonal to decadal time scale in temperature field in the western Pacific taken from satellites and/or hydrographic observations. Based on the analysis, we developed a new statistical method that can compute horizontal velocity fields from the temperature variability data.4) A coupled atmosphere-ocean model composed of the 2 1/2 layr ocean model developed in Nova University and a simple Gill-type atmospheric model or an atmospheric GCM is constructed and tested for the response of the equatorial ocean to the atmospheric intraseasonal disturbances and the monsoonal winds. During the development of the coupled model, we invited Professors McCreary and Lukas mainly to the University of Tokyo to review the research on the oceanic climate variability in the Indian and western Pacific Oceans, and organized a real time research network through the Internet to facilitate mutual communication among each country.5) At the JSC/Pacific Ocean Panel (chaired by Dr.Halpern), which was held at the Jet Propulsion Lab.in Los Angels, the present project was introduced as a core forerunner of a future intensive research program in the western Pacific under GCOS/GOOS and WCRP/CLIVAR.6) The results of the present project were presented at the ODC-2 session at the IOC/WESTPAC Symposium that was held in November 1994 at Bali, Indonesia. At the same symposium, we organized a workshop entitled "Special Session of Western Boundary Currents", and discussed in detail the oceanic climate variability in the western Pacific and the adjacent regions and on a future plan of the research in the regions. Papers presented at the workshop will be published in J.Geophy.Res.special issue edited by the principal investigator of the current program (T.Yamagata).7) Principal investigator is going to organize a symposium as a chief convenor, which focuses on the decadal and interdecadal oceanic climate variability, at the IUGG/IAPSO Meeting in August 1995 at Honolulu, Hawaii. Less

目前西太平洋海洋动力学和气候问题的国际合作研究是作为IOC/WESTPA下的ODC(海洋动力学和气候)计划的一部分推动的。特别是，我们促进了利用海洋环流模式的合作研究，交换观测数据，安排相关国家的观测计划。1)一个高分辨率的印度-太平洋海洋环流模式(OGCM)表明，东南亚周围海平面的季节变化受当地季风风和在印度洋中部和东部季风转换期间远程产生的赤道开尔文急流的控制。结果还表明，龙目岛海峡输送的半年相是由于KEL…的传播导致海峡对岸位势气压梯度减小的结果。印尼南部海岸有更多的VIN喷气式飞机。为了探测与这些急流相关的表层流场，1993年11月，根据OGCM模拟的模型浮标轨迹的结果，在印度尼西亚南部海岸外布设了表层漂流浮标。2)我们成功地利用高分辨率OGCM再现了日本以南黑潮的详细三维结构，该模型可以清楚地预报表面高程。深度综合输送的扭矩平衡分析表明，琉球群岛以西陆坡地区的黑潮输送强烈地受到海洋和固体地球通过海底压力矩的相互作用的影响。3)分析了卫星和/或水文观测得到的西太平洋温度场的季节内到年代际时间尺度的变化。4)建立了一个由Nova大学开发的2 1/2层海洋模式和一个简单的Gill型大气模式或大气GCM组成的海-气耦合模式，并检验了赤道海洋对大气季内扰动和季风场的响应。在耦合模式的开发过程中，我们邀请了McCreary教授和Lukas教授主要到东京大学回顾了印度洋和西太平洋海洋气候变异性的研究，并通过互联网组织了一个实时研究网络，以促进各国之间的相互交流。5)在洛杉矶喷气推进实验室举行的JSC/太平洋小组(由Halpern博士担任主席)上，6)在1994年11月于印度尼西亚巴厘岛举行的IOC/Westpac专题讨论会上，在ODC-2会议上介绍了本项目的成果。在同一次研讨会上，我们举办了题为“西部边界流特别会议”的研讨会，详细讨论了西太平洋及邻近地区的海洋气候变异性以及该地区未来的研究计划。7)首席调查员将作为总召集人在1995年8月在夏威夷火奴鲁鲁举行的IUGG/IAPSO会议上组织一次专题讨论会，重点讨论年代际和年代际海洋气候变化问题。较少