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Ocean Dynamics and Climate in the Western Pacific

西太平洋的海洋动力学和气候

基本信息

批准号：
05044034
负责人：
YAMAGATA Toshio
金额：
$ 5.12万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
财政年份：
1993
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1993 至 1994
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-05044034/
关键词：
Climate Variability The Equatorial Jets A Coupled Atmosphere-Ocean Model Kuroshio A High-resolution Ocean General Circulation Mode IOC WESTPAC GCOS GOOS WCRP CLIVAR

项目摘要

The present international cooperative research on the ocean dynamics and climate issues in the western Pacific Ocean was promoted as a part of ODC (Ocean Dynamics and Climate) program under the IOC/WESTPAC.In particular, we facilitated cooperative researches using an oceanic general circulation model, exchange of observed data, the arrangement of observation plans among the related countries. The following are the main outcomes of the present research program.1) A high-resolution Indo-Pacific oceanic general circulation model (OGCM) demonstrates that the seasonal variation of the sea level around Southeast Asia is governed by the local monsoonal winds and the equatorial Kelvin Jets generated remotely during the transition period of the monsoon in the central and eastern Indian Ocean. It also shows that the semiannual aspect appeared in the transport through the Lombok Strait results from the reduction of the posotive pressure gradient across the strait due to the propagation of the Kel … More vin Jets along the southern coast of Indonesia. To detect the surface current fields associated with those jets, surface drifting buoys are deployed off southern coast of Indonesia in November 1993 based on the result of model buoy trajectories simulated in the OGCM.2) We are successful in reproducing a detailed three-dimensional structure of Kuroshio south of Japan by use of a high-resolution OGCM which can predict the surface elevation explicitly. An analysis of a torque balance for the depth integrated transport indicates that the Kuroshio transport over the continental slope area west of Ryukyu Islands is strongly affected by an interaction between the ocean and the solid earth through the bottom pressure torque.3) We analyzed the variations on intraseasonal to decadal time scale in temperature field in the western Pacific taken from satellites and/or hydrographic observations. Based on the analysis, we developed a new statistical method that can compute horizontal velocity fields from the temperature variability data.4) A coupled atmosphere-ocean model composed of the 2 1/2 layr ocean model developed in Nova University and a simple Gill-type atmospheric model or an atmospheric GCM is constructed and tested for the response of the equatorial ocean to the atmospheric intraseasonal disturbances and the monsoonal winds. During the development of the coupled model, we invited Professors McCreary and Lukas mainly to the University of Tokyo to review the research on the oceanic climate variability in the Indian and western Pacific Oceans, and organized a real time research network through the Internet to facilitate mutual communication among each country.5) At the JSC/Pacific Ocean Panel (chaired by Dr.Halpern), which was held at the Jet Propulsion Lab.in Los Angels, the present project was introduced as a core forerunner of a future intensive research program in the western Pacific under GCOS/GOOS and WCRP/CLIVAR.6) The results of the present project were presented at the ODC-2 session at the IOC/WESTPAC Symposium that was held in November 1994 at Bali, Indonesia. At the same symposium, we organized a workshop entitled "Special Session of Western Boundary Currents", and discussed in detail the oceanic climate variability in the western Pacific and the adjacent regions and on a future plan of the research in the regions. Papers presented at the workshop will be published in J.Geophy.Res.special issue edited by the principal investigator of the current program (T.Yamagata).7) Principal investigator is going to organize a symposium as a chief convenor, which focuses on the decadal and interdecadal oceanic climate variability, at the IUGG/IAPSO Meeting in August 1995 at Honolulu, Hawaii. Less

目前在西太平洋海洋动力学和气候问题上的国际合作研究是作为IOC/WESTPAC海洋动力学和气候计划的一部分来促进的，特别是在利用海洋环流模式进行合作研究、交换观测资料、安排有关国家的观测计划等方面。1）高分辨率印度洋-太平洋大气环流模式（OGCM）表明，东南亚海平面的季节变化受季风风和赤道Kelvin急流的控制，而赤道Kelvin急流是在印度洋中部和东部季风转换期产生的。研究还表明，龙目海峡输送中出现的半年型是由于Kel的传播使海峡正气压梯度减小的结果 ...更多信息沿着印度尼西亚的南部海岸。为了探测与这些喷流有关的表层流场，我们根据OGCM模拟的浮标轨迹，于1993年11月在印度尼西亚南部沿海布设了表层漂流浮标。2）利用高分辨率的OGCM，我们成功地再现了日本南部黑潮的详细的三维结构，它可以明确地预报表层高程。对深度综合输送的力矩平衡分析表明，琉球群岛以西的陆坡区黑潮输送受海洋与固体地球之间通过底压力矩的相互作用的强烈影响。3）分析了西太平洋温度场的季节内和年代际变化。在此基础上，发展了一种新的由温度变率资料计算水平速度场的统计方法。4）建立了一个由Nova大学发展的2 1/2层海洋模式和一个简单的Gill型大气模式或大气GCM组成的海气耦合模式，并检验了赤道海洋对大气季节内扰动和季风风的响应。在耦合模式的开发过程中，我们主要邀请了McCreary教授和Lukas教授到东京大学考察印度洋和西太平洋海洋气候变率的研究，并通过互联网组织了一个真实的时间研究网络，以促进各国之间的相互交流Lab.in。6）本项目的结果已提交1994年11月在印度尼西亚巴厘举行的海洋学委员会/西太平洋分委会专题讨论会第二届会议。在同一次专题讨论会上，我们组织了一次题为“西部边界海流特别会议”的讲习班，详细讨论了西太平洋和邻近区域的海洋气候变异性以及在这些区域进行研究的未来计划。在讲习班上提出的论文将在目前方案的首席研究员（T.Yamagata）编辑的J.Geophy.Res.特刊上发表。7）首席研究员将作为首席召集人于1995年8月在夏威夷的檀香山举行的IUGG/IAPSO会议上组织一次专题讨论会，重点讨论十年和十年间海洋气候变率。少