Biotechnological studies on the mechanisms regulating embryogenesis

1)卵母细胞成熟和受精A)从卵泡液中分离出一种负责卵丘扩张的热稳定因子。B)来自c-mos缺陷小鼠的卵母细胞成熟到第二次减数分裂中期，但在没有受精的情况下被激活。C)小鼠顶体素基因定向突变纯合子的雄性小鼠仍然可以受精。D)在受精液中添加从卵丘-卵母细胞复合体中漩涡出来的可溶性因子(S)，提高了精子在添加牛血清白蛋白的培养液中预孵育时的受精率。2)受精卵的裂解A)类固醇，孕酮，B)XX*XY嵌合体中的胚胎卵巢在成年后发育为睾丸。C)ET-1-‘纯合子小鼠出生时死于呼吸衰竭，并存在咽弓来源的颅面组织和器官的形态异常。D)建立了大鼠维持多能性的细胞系。3)胚胎冷冻A)建立了冷冻配子和胚胎生产幼鼠的系统。

1)Oocyte maturation and fertilizationA)A heat-stable factor responsible for cumulus expansion was isolated form follicular fluid. The factor was potent to stimulate male pronucleus formation of eggs fertilized in vitro.B)Oocytes from c-mos-deficient mice matured to the second meiotic metaphase, but were activated without fertilization.C)Male mice homozygous for a targeted mutation in the mouse acrosin gene were still fertile.D)Supplementing the fertilization medium with soluble factor(s)vortexed out of cumulus-oocyte complexes improved the rate of fertilization when spermatozoa were preincubated in BSA-supplemented medium.2)Cleavage of fertilized eggsA)A steroid, progesterone, was potent to induce parthenogenetic development of unfertilized eggs.B)Fetal ovotestes in XX * XY chimeras develop into testes in adults.C)ET-1-'-homozygous mice die of respiratory failure at birth and have morphological abnormalities of the pharyngeal-arch-derived craniofacial tissues and organs.D)The cell line maintaining pluripotency was established in rat.3)Embryo freezingA)A system for producing young from cryopreserved gametes and embryos was established.