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Genetic Resource and Ecological-Genetics of Wild Soybean

野生大豆遗传资源与生态遗传学

基本信息

批准号：
06041003
负责人：
SIMAMOTO Yoshiya
金额：
$ 3.97万
依托单位：
Hokkaido University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1994 至 1995
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06041003/
关键词：
Wild soybean genus Glycine geographical distribution genetic constitution isozyme allele phyletic evolution cytoplasmic genome ecology 遺伝子多様性

项目摘要

Glycine max Merr. is considered to have evolved from the wild soybean G.soja Sieb. et. Zucc. which has grown mainly in East Asia. The wild soybean can hybridize easily with soybean cultivar and then has been classified in the same subgenus Soja as G.max. The other wild species of Glycine are separated from subgenus Soja. The present study tour was planned firstly to survey the habitat of wild soybean in Korea, Taiwan and China, and secondly to elucidate the genetic constitution of the G.soja in Korea and China. The East Asia surveys on the wild soybean were summarized as follows.1)G.soja was observed widely in Korea and China. Main habitats were a waste land and a bank of big river. In Korea some wild soybeans were observed as weed of soybean cultivations. G.formosana closely related to G.soja, and G.tabacina and G.tomentella were found locally in only Taiwan.2)G.soja of Korea and China were evaluated for isozyme allele. The large genetic diversity were observed in Korea and west China. Allelic frequencies of isozyme loci were scarcely found among the districts.3)RFLP analysis for chloroplast (cp) and mitochondrial (mt) genomes were carried out to elucidate for cytoplasmic genetic diversity of Korean and Chinese wild soybean. Three types, cpI,cpII and cpIII,of cpDNA were observed in wild soybean. The cultivar type cpI was observed slightly in Korea and not in China. The cpII was observed in Korea and southern China and rarely in north and northeast China. The cpIII was widely found in Korea and China. Many types were observed in mtDNA of wild soybean. The most dominant IVa was widely found and the cultivar type IVb was occasionally observed in Korea and frequently in south China.

甘氨酸max Merr。被认为是从野生大豆G.soja Sieb进化而来的。等调查。主要在东亚发展。野生大豆与大豆品种杂交容易，因此与G.max被归为大豆亚属。甘氨酸的其他野生种是从大豆亚属中分离出来的。此次考察的目的，一是调查韩国、台湾和中国野生大豆的生境，二是阐明韩国和中国野生大豆的遗传构成。东亚地区野生大豆的调查总结如下：在韩国和中国，人们普遍种植大豆。主要的栖息地是一片荒地和一条大河的河岸。在韩国，一些野生大豆被发现为大豆种植的杂草。与大豆亲缘关系较近的台湾黄花菌和烟叶黄花菌仅在台湾有发现。对韩国和中国大豆的同工酶等位基因进行了鉴定。在韩国和中国西部地区发现了较大的遗传多样性。同工酶位点的等位频率在各地区间几乎没有发现。3)对韩国和中国野生大豆叶绿体（cp）和线粒体（mt）基因组进行RFLP分析，以阐明两国野生大豆细胞质遗传多样性。野生大豆的cpDNA分为cpI型、cpII型和cpIII型。品种型cpI在韩国有少量发现，在中国没有。cpIII在韩国和中国广泛存在。野生大豆的mtDNA有多种类型。品种IVb型在韩国偶见，在中国南方多见。