Crustacean Biogeography in the Western Pacificdiversification processes of the littoral fauna

众所周知，日本的沿岸的甲壳动物区系与澳大利亚和新西兰的有相当多的共同点，尽管它们之间的地理距离很远。这表明这些动物群可能在地质学上有来自特提斯海的共同祖先。该项目的目的是详细了解这些地区的甲壳动物群在遗传学上是如何相关的，以及藻类植物群的某些方面是如何相关的。由于需要花费大量时间来积累微型动物数据（例如，从沉积物样品中挑选标本），这份报告是基于迄今为止获得的有限数据。2介形类样品是从沿着澳大利亚整个海岸和新西兰几个点的大约250个地点的海草和藻类中收集的。沉积物样品通过嵌套的筛子洗涤，介形虫（主要是足形虫）标本在双目显微镜下从干燥的沉积物中挑选出来。介形虫组合的聚类分析表明， ...更多信息 导致介形虫地理省的边界也用诱饵诱捕器收集了Myodocopid介形虫，目前正在与日本物种进行比较形态学研究。“活化石”Manawa新西兰是唯一一个活化石“介形虫Manawa被收集的地区。我们能够收集到大约10个该物种的活体标本，并与这些标本Manawa是视频记录的第一次。几个新的发现是关于Manawa的行为模式。蔓足类生活在潮间带的藤壶的mtDNA现在正在处理，以确定来自日本的8个物种和来自澳大利亚的4个物种之间的遗传相似性。这些数据将被用来调查物种形成过程。十足目（虾）Macura虾与海草从大量的地方收集使用浮游生物网，而皮肤潜水，调查该分类群的地理分布。很明显，物种多样性随着纬度的升高而减少。本文对生活在红树林沼泽中的虾蟹科虾蟹类的生态特征进行了系统的分类和地理分布研究。视频观察行为特征，包括波动模式，是有用的物种形成过程和物种水平的进化的综合研究。一些物种的线粒体DNA正在分析中。藻类主要的兴趣在于生活在微咸水中的藻类的种下多样化过程。顶果属和柄果属的物种特别令人感兴趣，因为它们与日本的一些特有物种密切相关。少

It is known that the littoral crustacean fauna of Japan has a considerable number of elements in common with those of Australia and New Zealand, despite the geographical distance between them. This suggests that the faunas may have common ancestors from the Tethyan Sea in the geologic past. The aim of this project is to understand in detail how the crustacean faunas from these regions are related phylogenetically, and also how certain aspects of algal floras are related. As it takes much time to accumulate microfaunal data (e.g., picking specimens from sediment samples) , this report is based on the limited data obtained so far.Ostracoda Samples were collected from sea grass and algae at about 250 localities along the entire coast of Australia and several points in New Zealand. Sediment samples were washed through nested sieves, and ostracod (primarily podocopid) specimens were picked out from dry sediment under a binocular microscope. Cluster analyzes of the ostracod assemblages revea … More led that the boundaries of ostracod biogeographic provinces Myodocopid ostracods were also collected with a baited trap, and they are presently being studied in the light of comparative morphology with Japanese species.The 'living fossil' Manawa New Zealand is the only area in which the 'living fossil' ostracod Manawa has been collected alive. We were able to collect about 10 living specimens of the species, and with these specimens Manawa was video-recorded for the first time. Several new findings were mode concerning behavior of Manawa.Cirripedia The mtDNA of barnacles living in the intertidal zone is now being processed to determine the genetic similarities among 8 species from Japan and 4 species from Australia. This data will be used to investigate speciation processes.Decapoda (shrimps) Macura shrimps associated with sea grass were collected from a large number of localities using a plankton net while skin diving, to investigate the biogeography of the taxon. It became clear that the species diversity decreases with higher latitude. In the Antarctic the taxon is replaced by species of Palaemonidae.Decapoda (crabs) Ecological characteristics of species of Ocypodidae living in mangrove swamps were studied with respect to taxonomy and geographical distribution. Video-observation of behavioral characteristics, including waving pattern, are useful for integrated investigation of speciation processes and species-level phylogeny. The mtDNA of some species is being analyzed.Algae The main interest lies in the infraspecies diversification process of algae living in brackish water. Species of Acrocarpia and Caulocyctis are of special interest, for they are closely related to some endemic species of Japan. Less