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Plant Protection by Recombinant Viruses and Transgenic Plant

重组病毒和转基因植物的植物保护

基本信息

批准号：
06044132
负责人：
MATSUMOTO Tsuguo
金额：
$ 3.97万
依托单位：
Kyoto Institute of Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1994 至 1995
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06044132/
关键词：
baculovirus insecticidal gene pest resistant plant recombinant virus transgenic plant

项目摘要

Biological pesticides are attractive and alternative agents for chemical pesticides. In particularly, an new rule for registration of biological pesticides has been recently established in Japan and collection of microbes from the pests and research focused on their function may be accelerated more and more. The object of project is introduction of a virulent gene isolated from cabbage looper (Trichoplusia ni) granulosis virus, the enhancin gene, into plants. The enhancin was identified to degrade peritrophic membrane lining inside of midgut tube of lepidopteran insects, when per orally administered with food, it caused an enhancement of virulence of microbes and chemicals. The enhancin gene was engineered into tobacco and rece, and a baculovirus to see if the product expressed by engineered organisms exhibits a biological activity simialr to that of authentic product. Using a racombinant DNA tecnique, the gene was introduced and fixation and expression of the gene has been confirmed in all of them. The enhancement of infection of Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcNPV) was confimed in Spodoptera exigua, beat armyworm by feeding artificial diet contaminated with transgenic tobacco and rice powder. An small enhancement was detected in infection of Spodoptera exigua nuclear polyhedrosis virus (SeNPV) was confirmed in S.exigua by feeding artificial diet contaminated with transgenic tobacco and rice powder. Theses enhancements of baculovirus infection by co-administration of the transgenic plants are very similar to those detected by administration of TnGV (authentic enhancin) and AcNPV or TnGV and SeNPV, in which TnGV is not infections to S.exigua. We have not examined the effect of enhancin produced by a recombinant baculovirus yet, however, an expressed product exhibits a molecular mass and antigenicity similar to authentic one.

生物农药是化学农药有吸引力的替代剂。特别是，最近在日本已经建立了生物农药登记的新规则，并且可以越来越多地加速从害虫收集微生物和集中于其功能的研究。本项目的目的是将从甘蓝夜蛾颗粒体病毒中分离到的一个强毒基因--增强蛋白基因导入植物。增强素可降解鳞翅目昆虫中肠围食膜，经口给药后可增强微生物和化学物质的毒力。将增强素基因导入烟草、水稻和杆状病毒中，观察工程菌表达的产物是否表现出与真实产物相似的生物学活性。使用重组DNA技术，将该基因导入，并在所有这些中证实了该基因的固定和表达。用转基因烟草和大米粉制成的人工饲料饲喂甜菜夜蛾，证实了苜蓿银纹夜蛾核型多角体病毒（Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus，AcNPV）对甜菜夜蛾的感染增强作用。用转基因烟草和大米粉污染的人工饲料饲喂甜菜夜蛾，证实了甜菜夜蛾核型多角体病毒（Spodoptera exigua nuclear polyhedrosis virus，SeNPV）的感染率略有提高。通过共同施用转基因植物对杆状病毒感染的增强作用与施用TnGV（真正的增强蛋白）和AcNPV或TnGV和SeNPV检测到的增强作用非常相似，其中TnGV不感染甜菜根。我们还没有研究重组杆状病毒产生的增强蛋白的作用，然而，表达产物表现出与真实产物相似的分子量和抗原性。