Synthetic Study on the Techniques for Storage/Conveyance/Utilization of Cold Energy using Phase-Change Phenomena

利用相变现象综合研究冷能储存/输送/利用技术

• 批准号: 06302037
• 负责人: KUROSAKI Yasuo
• 金额: $ 13.82万
• 依托单位: TOKYO INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Co-operative Research (A)
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1994 至 1995
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06302037/
• 关键词: Phase-Change Phenomena; Cold Energy; Storage; Conveyance; Utilization; Pneumatic Conveyance; Microchannels; Supercooling; Freezing Preservation of Organism; Brine-Ice Mixture; 固液二相流; 凍結保存; 冷エネルギー

It is known that the thermal storage system utilizing the phase-change phenomena is quite effective, but that the efficiency is reduced by the supercooling phenomenon occurring in the Phase-Change Materials (PCMs). At the same time, in order to supply the cold energy stored in PCMs, conveying technique should be settled since the cold is stored in frozen, i.e.solid, PCMs, which can not be easily moved. This study therefore dealt with the storage/conveyance techniques of cold as well as the phase-change phenomenon itself. At the same time, new applications of cold energy with phase-change phenomena, i.e., cooling of electronic devices and freezing preservation of organisms, were also examined. The results can be summarized as follows :(1) Liquid-to-solid Phase-change phenomenon including the supercooling was numerically examined by using molecular dynamics simulation method. From the simulation, thermal properties of supercooled water and the effect of electric field on the freezing pro … More bability of supercooled water were discussed.(2) Pneumatic conveying characteristics of the cold using bare-ice cubes were experimentally examined so as to compare the results with the ones of the system using ice enclosed in spherical capsules. The results showed that the cold loss during conveyance with bare-ices is larger than that in encapsuled case, but that the pumping power is little affected.(3) melting heat transfer of a brine-ice mixture flowing inside a horizontal tube was experimentally examined. From the results, it was obtained that the heat transfer coefficient in the downstream region increases with increase in flow velocity of the brine-ice mixture, and that the local heat transfer decreases with increasing the concentration of brine.(4) Heat transfer characteristics of the liquid-solid two-phase flow within micro-channels were examined so as to apply the heat transfer to the cooling of electronic devices. Heat transfer and pressure drop within a channel of 0.5-3mm height were measured, and the results were discussed from the viewpoint of heat transfer enhancement.(5) Freezing characteristics and osmotic pressure of a protoplast of wheat were experimentally examined, and the effects of ice-crystal generation within a cell on the damage to the cell were discussed from the microscale view point. Using the results, relation between the cooling rate and biological condition of the organic cells was obtained. Less

众所周知，利用相变现象的蓄热系统非常有效，但相变材料（PCM）中发生的过冷现象会降低效率。同时，为了供应存储在相变材料中的冷能，需要解决输送技术，因为冷量存储在冷冻的、即固体的相变材料中，不易移动。因此，这项研究涉及冷的储存/运输技术以及相变现象本身。同时，还研究了具有相变现象的冷能的新应用，即电子设备的冷却和生物体的冷冻保存。主要研究结果如下：(1)利用分子动力学模拟方法对包括过冷在内的液固相变现象进行了数值研究。通过模拟，讨论了过冷水的热特性以及电场对过冷水结冰稳定性的影响。(2)对裸冰块的气力输送特性进行了实验研究，并与球形囊冰系统的气力输送特性进行了比较。结果表明，裸冰输送过程中的冷量损失比封装情况下的大，但对泵功率影响不大。(3)对水平管内流动的卤冰混合物的熔化传热进行了实验研究。结果表明，下游区域的传热系数随着盐水-冰混合物流速的增加而增大，局部传热随着盐水浓度的增加而减小。(4)研究了微通道内液-固两相流的传热特性，以将其应用于电子器件的冷却。测量了0.5~3mm高度通道内的传热和压降，并从强化传热的角度对结果进行了讨论。(5)实验考察了小麦原生质体的冷冻特性和渗透压，从微观角度讨论了细胞内冰晶生成对细胞损伤的影响。利用这些结果，获得了有机细胞的冷却速率和生物状况之间的关系。较少的

项目成果

Nakayama et.al.: "Heat Transfer from Array of Strips to Fluorinert Coolant in a Mixed Impinging-Jet/Channel Flow Configuration" ASME J.of Electronic Packaging. 118. 1-6 (1996)

Nakayama 等人：“混合冲击射流/通道流配置中从条带阵列到氟化物冷却剂的热传递”ASME J.of Electronic Packaging。

Saito et.al.: "Research on a Thermal Conductivity Measurement of Supercooled Water" Proc.of 5th Int.Symp.on Thermal Eng.& Sci.for Cold Regions. (to be printed). (1996)

Saito 等人：“过冷水热导率测量研究”Proc.of 5th Int.Symp.on Thermal Eng。

A.Saito,S.Okawa and D.Shimamoto: "Research on a Thermal Conductivity Measurement of Supercoled Water" Proc.5th Int.Symp.on Thermal Eng.and Sci.for Cold Regions. (ページ未定 ). (1996)

A.Saito、S.Okawa 和 D.Shimamoto：“过冷水热导率测量的研究”Proc.5th Int.Symp.on Thermal Eng.and Sci.for Cold Region（页数待定）。 ）

山田、福迫、川南: "水平矩形流路内におけるリキッドアイスの融解熱伝達" 日本機械学会北海道支部第35回講演会講演概要集. 1. 183-184 (1995)

Yamada、Fukusako 和 Kawaminami：“水平矩形通道中液态冰融化的传热”日本机械工程师学会第 35 届北海道分会摘要 1. 183-184 (1995)。

Saito,A.and Okawa,S.: "Fundamental Reserch on Initiation of Freezing of Supercooled Water on Heat Transfer Surface" Proc.10th Int.Heat Transfer Conf.4. 121-126 (1994)

Saito,A. 和 Okawa,S.：“传热表面上过冷水冻结的基础研究”Proc.10th Int.Heat Transfer Conf.4。