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Preservation and Utilization of Civil Judgment Files from the Meiji Era toward the Pre-war Showa Era

明治时代至战前昭和时代民事判决书的保存和利用

基本信息

批准号：
06306008
负责人：
AOYAMA Yoshimitsu
金额：
--
依托单位：
University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1994 至 1996
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

This workshop, consisting of specialists on civil procedure, civil law, legal hiscory and documents preservation, discussed how to conserve and to utilize the civil judgment files from the Meiji Era onwards to the World War II period deposited temporarily at the ten natinal law faculties by the courts which decided on shredding them, and reached the following conclusion :1.Comparative study of archives on various countries (Germany, France, Italy, United Kingdom, Sweden, United States, South Kores, Taiwan, Panama, etc.) revealed that in great majority of countries civil judgments are preserved in national archives along with documents of legislative and administrative origin. It would be, therefore, highly irregular if the universities are constrained to hold the civil judgments on permanent basis.2.Also in view of the results stated above the working group agreed on the conclusion that a national archive specializing in the documents of the courts is to be founded on parallel with the … More existing National Diet Library and the National Archive.The opinion was devided however, on whether the judgment files from all over the country should be concentrated on one single sites, or be deposited at several local branches.3.The working group agreed further upon the guideline acccording to which the judgment files were to be utilized during the temporary deposition at the universities. In course of the discussion particular attention was paid to the protection of privacy contained in the civil judgments. The depositary faculties consented to put the judgment files to academic use according to the standards established by the guideline.4.In order to surmount the difficulty in accessing the relevant judgments amongst numerous files, it is necessary to make a computer database of the civil judgments. The working group decided on a database of the judgments from 1870 to 1890, containing the whole visual data in color of every document and the information identifying it. The International Reseach Center for Japanese Studies, a national institute in Kyoto, took over the project for database construction.5.Finally, the specialist on preservation of historical documents took necessary first-aid measures to ensure that the judgments files be immuned from heat, moisture, insects etc. Less

由民事诉讼、民法、法律的历史和文件保存专家组成的这个讲习班讨论了如何保存和利用从明治时代开始到第二次世界大战期间由决定将其粉碎的法院暂时存放在十个国家法律学院的民事判决档案，并得出以下结论：1.各国档案比较研究（德国、法国、意大利、英国、瑞典、美国、韩国、台湾、巴拿马等）调查显示，在绝大多数国家，民事判决书与立法和行政文件一起沿着保存在国家档案中。因此，如果大学被迫永久保存民事判决，这将是非常不正常的。2.鉴于上述结果，工作组还同意这样的结论，即在建立专门收藏法院文件的国家档案馆的同时，应建立一个专门收藏法院文件的国家档案馆。 ...更多信息 3.工作组还就判决书在大学临时存放期间的使用方针达成了一致意见。在讨论过程中，特别注意到民事判决中所载的隐私保护。为了克服在众多的民事判决书中查找相关判决书的困难，有必要建立一个民事判决书的计算机数据库。工作组决定建立一个数据库，收集1870年至1890年的判决书，其中包含每一份文件的全部彩色视觉数据和识别信息。京都的国立研究所日本研究国际研究中心接管了数据库建设项目。5.最后，保护历史文件的专家采取了必要的急救措施，以确保判决文件不受高温、潮湿、昆虫等的影响。