An Analysis of the Structure and Function of a Clause as a Basic Unit in Communication

交际基本单位从句的结构与功能分析

• 批准号: 06451081
• 负责人: NAKANO Hirozo
• 金额: $ 2.18万
• 依托单位: The School of Letters, Nagoya University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1994 至 1996
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06451081/
• 关键词: the meaning of an utterance; the syntactic structure of a sentence; speech act; speech act verb; illocutionary force; proposition; propositional attitude; propositional modality; 命題的法性

Having investigated the semantic structure of an utterance (of a sentence) for the past two years, we have come to the conclusion that the semantic structure of a sentence (or a clause) uttered in a communicative situation can be analyed as consisting of four hierarchically ordered layrs, namely, 1) the 'illocutionary force' layr, 2) the 'propositional attitude' layr (which expresses the speaker's psychological attitude toward the proposition), 3) the 'propositional modality' layr (the modality which reflects the speaker's propositional attitude), and 4) the 'proposition' layr (which expresses a state of affairs that the sentence refers to). Using this four layred structure analysis of a sentence uttered in a speech situtation and on the English data base that we have gathered, we have continued this year the study of the correspondence between the semantic and the syntactic structures of complement sentences of English verbs which we began in the previous year and we have also finishe … More d the study of adverbial chauses playing the roles of adjunct and disjunct in sentences, and have published the results of these studies in the form of a research report. We have also carried out an analysis of the English modal auxiliaries which are thought to have the same semantic structure as that of English verbs taking sentential complements as their objects, and have made it clear that our four-layred structure analysis of a sentence enables us to account in a principled way for the historical developments of the uses of English modals as well as their present-day uses. We think that the most important achievement that we have accomplished in our three-year research is that we have proved that the semantic properties of complement sentences (clauses) of English verbs and the uses of English adverbial clauses and modals, which have been regarded as completely unrelated in previous studies, can be accounted for uniformly and systematically on the basis of our analysis of the semantic struture of an utterance. Less

在研究了话语的语义结构之后，（指句子）在过去的两年里，我们得出的结论是句子的语义结构交际情景中的话语（或小句）可以分为四个层次，即：1）“言外之力”层，2）“命题态度”层（它表达了说话人对命题的心理态度）; 3）命题情态层（反映说话人命题态度的情态）;（4）“命题”层（表达句子所指的事态）。利用这一对言语情景中的句子进行的四层结构分析，在我们收集的英语语料库的基础上，我们今年继续了去年开始的对英语动词补语句的语义结构与句法结构的对应关系的研究，并完成了对英语动词补语句语义结构与句法结构的对应关系的研究。 ...更多信息 对状语从句在句子中的附加和转折作用进行了研究，并以研究报告的形式发表了研究成果。本文还对英语情态动词的语义结构进行了分析，认为英语情态动词的语义结构与英语动词宾语的语义结构相同，并指出我们对句子的四层结构分析使我们能够对英语情态动词用法的历史发展和现代用法作出原则性的解释。我们认为，在三年的研究中，最重要的成果是我们证明了英语动词补语（分句）的语义特征与英语状语从句和情态动词的使用可以在对话语语义结构分析的基础上得到统一和系统的解释，而这在以往的研究中被认为是完全无关的。少

项目成果

Hirozo Nakano: ""On the Mechanism of the Semantic Change of English Modal Auxiliaries"" The Journal of the School of Letters 127 Literature 43, Nagoya University. 1-15 (1997)

中野博三：《论英语情态助词语义变化的机制》《文学学院学报》127文学43，名古屋大学。

天野政千代: "The Sisterhood Condition on Case-Marking in English" Linguistics and Philology. 15. 1-22 (1995)

Masachiyo Amano：“英语格标记的姐妹关系条件”语言学和语言学 15. 1-22 (1995)。

Hirozo Nakano: ""The Semantics of the English Modal Auxiliaries(10)"" The Journal of the School of Letters 121 Literature 41, Nagoya University. 69-84 (1995)

中野博三：《英语情态助动词的语义学（10）》名古屋大学文学院学报121文学41。

Masachiyo Amano: ""A Diachronic and Synchronic Study of English Cases (7) : Pure Case-marking Domain Hypothesis"" The Journal of the School of Letters 124 Literature 42, Nagoya University. 89-112 (1996)

天野雅千代：《英语格的历时性与共时性研究(7)：纯格标记域假说》《文学学院学报》124文学42，名古屋大学。

中野弘三: "英語法助動詞の意味論(10)" 名古屋大学文学部研究論集(文学).

中野幸三：《英语情态动词语义（10）》研究论文集，名古屋大学文学院（文学）。