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CULTIVATION OF BROWN ROT FUNGI IN FOREST

森林中褐腐真菌的培养

基本信息

批准号：
06556027
负责人：
OGIYAMA Koichi
金额：
$ 2.82万
依托单位：
YAMAGATA UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1994 至 1996
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

In order to develope the edible mushroom cultivation with softwood medium, the following experiments were done ; (1) isolation of strains from wild mushroom fruit body of SUGI-HIRATAKE and MATSU-OZI, (2) classification of the strains by isozyme analysis, (3) larger scale production of strain in liquid medium by bio-reactor, (4) woody media cultivations in sugi wood powders containing rice brain, as well as branches, stumps or logs, (5) chemical analysis of the rot woods and (6) analysis of environmental condition on occurrence of fruit body.As the results, it was established that seven strains from respective mushroom species were isolated. Identification of strains was possible by esterase isozyme analysis of fruit body extractives. Larger scale production of seed hypha was completed by liquid culture using bi-oreactor. Experiments indicated that SUGI wood powders mixed with rice brain for SUGI-HIRATAKE and SUGI wood powders itself for MATSU-OZI were suitable as the media for the growth of mycelium. However formation of fruit body succeeded only for MATSU-OZI but unsuccessful for SUGI-HIRATAKE.In case of SUGI-HIRATAKE,primordia of fruit body occurred but did not grow to fruit body in the laboratory. On the other hand, the cultivation experiment using logs showed SUGI-HIRATAKE mycelium grow readily but growth of MATSU-OZI mycelium was inhibited by the contamination with Trichoderma etc. Fruit body formation of SUGI-HIRATAKE was unattainable in the laboratory but it attained at last when the logs, of which mycelium fully extended, were placed in the SUGI forest where wild SUGI-HIRATAKE occurred. Environment of SUGI forest was essential at present, especially moisture, temperature and irradiation at the ground surface for formation of SUGI-HIRATAKE mushroom.

为了开发软木培养基培养食用菌，进行了以下试验研究；(1)从野生菌sugi - hiratake和MATSU-OZI的子实体中分离菌株，(2)通过同工酶分析对菌株进行分类，(3)通过生物反应器在液体培养基中大规模生产菌株，(4)在含水稻脑的糖木粉以及树枝、树桩或原木的木本培养基中培养菌株，(5)腐木的化学分析，(6)果体发生的环境条件分析。结果表明，从不同菌种中分离到了7株菌株。通过果体提取物的酯酶同工酶分析可以鉴定菌株。采用双反应器液体培养的方法，实现了种子菌丝的大规模生产。试验表明，SUGI木粉与水稻脑混合用于SUGI- hiratake和SUGI木粉本身用于MATSU-OZI适合作为菌丝体生长的培养基。结果表明，松子子的果体形成成功，平竹的果体形成失败。在实验中，SUGI-HIRATAKE出现了果体原基，但没有向果体生长。另一方面，原木栽培试验表明，SUGI-HIRATAKE菌丝体生长良好，而MATSU-OZI菌丝体的生长受到木霉等污染的抑制。在实验室中无法实现杉木-平竹的子实体形成，但将菌丝充分伸展的原木放置在野生杉木-平竹生长的杉木林中，最终实现了子实体的形成。目前杉木林的环境条件对杉木平菇的形成至关重要，特别是地表的湿度、温度和辐照条件。