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Sustainable Forest Utilization/Management Techniques and the Infrastructure Development

森林可持续利用/管理技术与基础设施发展

基本信息

批准号：
06660176
负责人：
NITAMI Toshio
金额：
$ 1.28万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1994 至 1996
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Field Studies were conducted in the selective harvesting stands of natural stand management forests. The Operational method, harvesting management, harvesting operational systems were investigated associated with the growing storage and the stands' condition. Climate condition was also investigated in the forest stands to know how the difference of stand conditions shows fluctuation of the climate.Operation model of selective harvesting was discussed. The variety of poerations was investigated to be involved in the model. The difference of results by harvesting operations was studied at the forest stands which had different condition. The size of vehicle was analhyzed through the impacts onto the forest stands during harvesting operations. Forest road network as the infrastructure for the forest utilization was discussed and evaluated through actual timber harvesting operations. The requirements of operational system and forest road development for sustainable forest utilization was studied at the selective harvesting system in the natural forest stands. The hole stem harvesting operation system should be suppressed the number of damage on the residual trees and the disturbance of forest stands by close design and control for the log skidding operations. Middle sized vehicle with a skidding grapple for the skidding operation was useful to achieve high operational efficiency together with small disturbance. Operational control for the skidding was studied on steep hill sides. Percentage of damaged/disappear small trees was high at the gentle slopes and steep slopes. Suitable guide for the vehicle and regulation for the skidding path should be designed.The quality of stands of man-made forests would be also improved through the developments of forest utilization infrastructure base on the mechanized operational systems.

在天然林分经营林的选择性采伐林进行了实地研究。研究了与生长期和林分条件相关的采伐方法、采伐管理、采伐操作制度。对林分的气候条件进行了调查，了解林分条件的差异如何反映气候的波动。讨论了选择性采收的操作模式。研究了模型中涉及的各种操作。研究了不同条件林分采伐操作对结果的影响。通过采伐过程中车辆对林分的影响，分析了车辆的大小。通过实际的采伐作业，对森林路网作为森林利用的基础设施进行了探讨和评价。以天然林分的选择性采伐制度为研究对象，研究了森林可持续利用的作业制度和林道建设要求。孔杆采伐作业系统应通过严密的设计和控制来抑制残树的破坏数量和林分的扰动。在中型车辆上加装打滑抓斗进行打滑作业，有利于实现高作业效率和小干扰。研究了陡坡上的滑行控制问题。缓坡和陡坡的小树受损/消失率较高。应设计合适的车辆导向和滑道规范。通过发展以机械化作业系统为基础的森林利用基础设施，也将提高人工林林分的质量。