International Comparative Studies of Men and Forest

1997年，作为三年计划的最后一年，我们在结束对云南的研究的同时，优先考虑了北美和南美的研究。首先，在北美，我们研究了从北部针叶林带到草原的生态圈，同时走访了原住民、第一民族、木材公司和政府之间关于森林的激烈讨论的地方。作为回应，第一民族以传统的向下一代转移的可能性要求了森林使用权必备的管理制度。这导致了第一民族和木材公司之间的冲突。当地渔民、旅行社介于两者之间，他们一直处于复杂的利益局势中，事实上，政府干预了这一困难局面。在这种情况下，我们认识到同样的问题不仅存在于…在南美洲，我们对安第斯山脉阿尔蒂普拉诺地区的植被多样性和历史殖民关系进行了全面的研究。在亚洲，西藏高地而不是尼泊尔与高地生态系统处于同一级别，因此我们可以认识到安第斯山脉与西藏高地比较研究的重要性。由于我们在云南盆地不断研究的基础上，我们可以把部分成果放在《东南亚研究》特刊中。虽然在三年的调查中我们不能研究三大洲的所有地区，但我们优先研究了重点地区，我们了解到以下几点。除了东南亚，从尼泊尔到西藏的山区，北欧，中美洲，中非地区，北美的高纬度地区，以及安第斯山脉的高原地区和东坡，是人类与森林关系发生剧烈变化的领域，我们需要更广泛的研究来明确比较研究的重要性，包括不同的生态区。较少

In 1997, as the final year of three-years plan, we prioritized the research in North and South America while we put an end to the research on Yunnan.At first, on North America, we researched an ecology circle from northern conifer forest belt to Prairie, at the same time, we visited the places where the heated discussion on forest have lasted among the indigenous people, (First Nation), lumber company, and the government.In1970s, the Canadian Government change the policy to admit the right of the First Nation. As the response the First Nation claimed the management system that prerequisite for the right of forest use with the traditional possibility that transfer to next generation. It caused the conflict between the First Nation and lumber company. The local fishermen, travel agents stood in between the two, and they kept on complicated interest situation.As a matter of fact, government intervene this difficult situation. In this case, we recognize that the same problem exist not only … More in the context of North-South opposition, but also inside the northregion.In South America, we conducted a comprehensive research on the variety of vegetation at Altiprano area in Andes Mountains and historical colonial relation. In Asia, Tibet high high land, not Nepal, has ranks with Highland ecosystem, so we can recognize the importance of comparative study between Andes Mountains and Tibet Highland. As we based on the continuous research at the basin of Yunnan, we could put the part of results into the Special issue of Southeast Asian Studies.Though we cannot research all the areas of three continents during the three year investigation, we researched important area as a priority, and we understood the followings.In addition to Southeast Asia, the mountain area from Nepal to Tibet, north Europe, central America, central Africa area, the high latitude area of north America, and the highland area and east slop to Amazon of Andes, are the areas where the relation between human and forest moves drastically and where we need more extensive research to clear the importance of comparative study include different ecological area. Less