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EU Agricultural Restructuring & Environmental Conservation

欧盟农业重组

基本信息

批准号：
07041056
负责人：
TAKEBE Takashi
金额：
$ 9.54万
依托单位：
KYOTO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07041056/
关键词：
Common Agricultural Policy Envirnmental Resource Conservation Policies for the Less Favored Areas Sustainable Forest Management Legal Forms of Farm Management Juridical Person Tideland-reclamation Organic Farming 共通農業政対策 EU共通農業政策社会保障制

项目摘要

World grain stock rate has turned out to increase in the long run after the drastic reform of Common Agricultural Policy in the EU (1992) and the agreement of the GATT Uruguay round (1995).Recently, the South and the East Europe are scheduled to be integrated into EU.Formerly, there has been big difference in regulation on the activities based on the environmental resources among the old and new member countries. In this process, it is big issue to unify the levels of these regulations. Also, in the EU,the positive action plans have been implemented in the areas of measures for bush fire prevention, reforestation project in the waste land and farmland and monitoring to evaluate the impact of the air pollution such as acid rain on the forest.The farm management systems in France and Germany are totally different. In France, many types of laws specific to farm management are prepared while in Germany, it is not the case and general management system has to be applied.Netherland, where the river Lein runs into the ocean, has playd Worlds leading role on environmental conservation, measures for flood prevention and land reclamation based on its 1ocation condition.Especially, there are many points for Japan to learn from the attitude of Netherland which try to protect farm & forest land below-the-sea 1evel without environmental contamination or destruction of natural ecological system.According to the results of the investigation on the nitrate chemical products quantity in organically applied fields in Rosamstead Agricultural Experimental Station, UK,even if nitrate chemical fertilizers are substituted with the organic fertilizers, if given more than optimal amount, it turned out that the nitrate ion has been accumulated in the soil and crops.

1992年欧盟共同农业政策大刀阔斧改革和1995年关贸总协定乌拉圭回合达成协议后，世界粮食储备率长期呈上升趋势，最近南欧和东欧计划加入欧盟，新老成员国对环境资源活动的监管也出现了较大差异。在这一过程中，统一这些规定的层级是一个大问题。此外，欧盟还在丛林防火措施、荒地和农田再造林项目以及监测酸雨等空气污染对森林的影响等方面实施了积极的行动计划。法国和德国的农场管理制度完全不同。法国制定了许多专门针对农场管理的法律，而德国则不是这样，必须实行一般的管理制度。荷兰是莱茵河流入海洋的地方，在环境保护、防洪措施和土地开垦方面发挥着世界领先的作用，特别是日本借鉴荷兰的态度，试图在不污染环境或破坏自然生态系统的情况下保护海底农林地。根据英国罗萨姆斯特德农业实验站有机施肥田硝酸盐化学产品数量的调查结果，即使用有机肥代替硝酸盐化肥，如果施用量超过最适量，硝酸根离子也会在土壤和作物中积累。