Observations of Polar Aerosols at Alaksa and Spitsbergen : Its influence on the global environmental change

阿拉克萨和斯匹次卑尔根极地气溶胶的观测：其对全球环境变化的影响

• 批准号: 07041100
• 负责人: SHIBATA Takasi
• 金额: $ 15.87万
• 依托单位: Nagoya University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1995 至 1996
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07041100/
• 关键词: Stratosphere; Aerosols; Arctic; Spitsbergen; LIDAR; PSCs; Alaska; Ozone; PSC_S; スプッツベルゲン

The main purpose of this project is the research of the polar stratospheric clouds over Arctic region. We have obtained the following results by the research of the two years : 1) The vertical profiles of PSCs over spitsbergen were observed in the two winter seasons on 1995/1996 and 1996/1997.2) The vertical profiles of ozone over Fairbanks, Alaska were observed in the same winter seasons. 3) The aerosol profiles over Fairbanks were observed by lidar in two years between April 1995 and March 1997.4) The aerosols were directly sampled near the ground level in the same period of the observations of PSCs. The components of the aerosols were obtained by the Chemical analysis. The followings have been found by the results above : 5) The large size liquid PSC particles are often found in the Arctic PSCs. 6) Those PSCs are specially formed when the ambient temperature is dropped near the frost point of ice.It is reported that the stratospheric ozone was largely depleted over Arctic in the winter 1995/1996. The homogeneous reaction over the PSC particle are thought as the main process that causes the ozone loss. The liquid particles mentioned in 5) would playd major roll in the process. The lidar observed data will geve us precious data set to study the heterogeneous process.

本项目的主要目的是研究北极地区的极地平流层云。通过两年的研究，我们得到了以下结果：(1)1995年/1996年和1997.2/1996年的两个冬季观测到了斯皮茨卑尔根上空的大气环流垂直廓线。(3)从1995年4月到1997.4-3月，用激光雷达连续两年观测了费尔班克斯上空的气溶胶廓线。通过化学分析得到了气溶胶的组成。结果表明：(5)在北极PSC中常发现大尺寸的液态PSC粒子。据报道，1995/1996年冬季，北极地区的平流层臭氧大量消耗。PSC颗粒上的均相反应被认为是造成臭氧损失的主要过程。文中提到的液体粒子将在这一过程中起主要作用。激光雷达的观测数据将为我们研究非均匀过程提供宝贵的数据集。

项目成果

T,Shibata et al.: "The appearance of polar stratospheric clouds over Spitsbergen in winter 1994/1995 observed by a lidar" Proc.NIPR Symp.No.51. (in press) (1997)

T,Shibata 等人：“激光雷达观测到 1994/1995 年冬季斯匹次卑尔根岛上空极地平流层云的出现”Proc.NIPR Symp.No.51。

T.Shibata et al.: "Liquid Particles and Vertical Sandwich Structure of Polar Stratospheric Clounds Observed by a Lidar over Spitsbergen in the Winter 1994/1995" J.Geophys.Res.VOL.102(印刷中). (1997)

T. Shibata 等人：“1994/1995 年冬季斯匹次卑尔根岛激光雷达观测到的极地平流层云的液体颗粒和垂直夹层结构”J.Geophys.Res.VOL.102（出版中）。

Aoki,S.et al.: "Carbon dioxide variations in the Greenland Sea" Proc.Int.Symp.Env.Res.in the Arctic,19-21 Jul.1995,Tokyo.,Mem.Natl.Pol.Res.,Spec.Issue. No.51. (in press) (1997)

Aoki,S.et al.：“格陵兰海的二氧化碳变化”Proc.Int.Symp.Env.Res.in the Arctic，1995 年 7 月 19-21 日，东京，Mem.Natl.Pol.Res.，

Wada, M.and H.Konishi: "A study of precipitating clouds in the vicinity of three fronts and cyclone obtained from observations of microwave radiometer and vertically pointing radar in Svalbard, Arctic." Proc.12th International Conference on Clouds and Pre

Wada, M. 和 H.Konishi：“通过对北极斯瓦尔巴群岛的微波辐射计和垂直指向雷达的观测获得的对三个锋面和气旋附近的降水云的研究。”

Okano, S., M.Okabayashi, and H Gernandt, Mem.Natl.: "Observations of Ozone Profiles in the Upper Stratosphere using a UV Sensor on board a Light-Weight High-Altitude Balloon" Inst.Polar Res., Spec.Issue. 51. 229-235 (1996)

Okano, S.、M.Okabayashi 和 H Gernandt, Mem.Natl.：“使用轻型高空气球上的紫外线传感器观测平流层上层的臭氧剖面”Inst.Polar Res.，Spec。