Development of ballon-borne laser scattering micro-particle counting System

球载激光散射微粒计数系统的研制

• 批准号: 08554013
• 负责人: SHIBATA Takasi
• 金额: $ 5.89万
• 依托单位: NAGOYA UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1996 至 1997
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08554013/
• 关键词: particle, counter; stratosphere, aerosol; Mie, scattering; Rayleigh, scattering; 微粒子カウンター、; 成層圏エアロゾル、; ミ-散乱、

A laser type aerosol sonde was developed to be mounted on an observation balloon to measure the airborne particle size to 0.1 to 5 mum for polystirene latex spheres (PSL) and enable it to endure atmospheric pressure variation from 1013 hPa (at the ground surface) to 10 hPa (at an altiude of 30 to 35 km), design and experimental investigations regarding the signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio, laser power variation, and sampling flow rate variation were carried out. As a results, an external mirror type He-Ne laser was chosen. Its configuration is characterized by a reinforced laser tube being hermetically sealed at normal atmospheric pressure and having a control system for the supply current. This made the laser power fluctuation a mere 0.7% against the above-stated atmospheric pressure variation. A gear pump was specially chosen as an aerosol suction pump to effect a constant sampling flow rate ratio under the ambient atmospheric pressure variation, and the ratio was hold to 0.5% by speed control of the pumpmotor. A special nebulizer for use in a vacuum was developed to experimentally ascertain the response curve of the aerosol sonde over the full range of normal atmospheric pressure dowm to 10 hPa. The response curve together with the S/N ratio was evaluated by both the peak channel and the standard deviation channel of the pulse height analyzer (PHA) histogram. Using this nebulizer, it was ascertained that both channel values were kept nearly constant against the atmospheric pressure variation and that the response curve well satisfied the Mie scattering equation. It was also demonstrated that 0.109 mum PSL particles could be detected with a relative standard deviation value in a PHA histogram of 42% and an S/N ratio of 2.5-3.

研制了一种安装在观测气球上的激光型气溶胶探测仪，用于测量0.1 ~ 5 μ m的聚苯乙烯乳胶球（PSL）气溶胶粒径，并使其能够承受1013 hPa的大气压力变化（地面）至10 hPa（在30至35 km的高度），进行了关于信噪比（S/N）、激光功率变化和采样流速变化的设计和实验研究。结果，选择了外镜式He-Ne激光器。其配置的特征在于，加固的激光管在正常大气压力下被气密密封，并且具有用于供应电流的控制系统。这使得激光功率波动相对于上述大气压力变化仅为0.7%。气溶胶抽吸泵选用齿轮泵，在环境气压变化的情况下，可实现恒定的采样流量比，并通过泵电机的转速控制使采样流量比保持在0.5%。研制了一种专用于真空环境的雾化器，以实验确定气溶胶探头在常压下至10百帕的全范围内的响应曲线。通过脉冲高度分析仪（PHA）直方图的峰值通道和标准偏差通道评价响应曲线和信噪比。使用这种雾化器，它被确定，这两个通道的值保持几乎恒定对大气压力的变化和响应曲线很好地满足米氏散射方程。它还表明，0.109妈妈PSL颗粒可以检测到的相对标准偏差值在PHA直方图的42%和S/N比为2.5-3。

项目成果

T.Shibata et al.: "The appearance of polar stratospheric cloouds over Spitsbergen in winter 1994/1995 observed by a lidar" Proc.NIPR Symp.No.51(印刷中). (1997)

T. Shibata 等人：“1994/1995 年冬季，激光雷达观测到斯匹次卑尔根岛上空极地平流层云的出现”Proc.NIPR Symp.No.51（出版中）。

Tsuchiya, M., K.Takami, M.Hayashi and Y.Iwasaka: "Aerosol sonde for observation balloon" Rev.Phys.Instrument. (in press). (1998)

Tsuchiya, M.、K.Takami、M.Hayashi 和 Y.Iwasaka：“用于观测气球的气溶胶探空仪”Rev.Phys.Instrument。

T.Shibata et al.: "Raman Lidar Observations : Simultaneous Measurements of Water Vapor,Temperature and Aerosol Vertical Profiles,Part I" J.Geomag.Geoelectr.VoL,48. 1127-1135 (1996)

T.Shibata 等人：“拉曼激光雷达观测：同时测量水蒸气、温度和气溶胶垂直剖面，第一部分”J.Geomag.Geolectr.VoL，48。

渡辺征春 他: "Distribution of particulate sulfur in the winter Arctic stratosphere:Balloon-borne" Procceding of the Nitional Institute of Polar Research,Svmposium on Polar Meteorology and Glaciology,. Noll,. 138-149 (1997)

Masaharu Watanabe 等人：“冬季北极平流层中颗粒硫的分布：气球传播”，国家极地研究所论文集，极地气象学和冰川学研讨会，138-149（1997）。

土屋政義 他: "Aerosol sonde for observation balloon," Rev.Phys.Instrument,. (印刷中). (1998)

Masayoshi Tsuchiya 等人：“用于观测气球的气溶胶探空仪”，Rev.Phys.Instrument，（出版中）。