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Theoretical and empirical study on economic consciousness (attitudes) and social evaluation of economy.

经济意识（态度）与经济社会评价的理论与实证研究。

基本信息

批准号：
07301025
负责人：
MAEDA Yutaka
金额：
$ 3.78万
依托单位：
NARA UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

In our survey using a representative sample of Tokyo in 1997, people showed surprisingly low expectation of economic and political actors, even lower than of favorable natural conditions such as good weather or good results of popular sports teams. And contrary to implicit assumption in small government arguments, people's confidence in competitive mechanism constituted an attitudinal dimension different from the dimension represented by management in factor analysis. Whether this separation of confidence in system mechanism from confidence in salient system actors is unique to Japan, as pointed out concerning political system, or found in other developed countries too, is a theoretically important problem posed by our research. Also Our respondents showed very pessimistic view of future of several aspects of Japanese economy. Our hypothesis is that on the basis of pessimistic public opinion on long term trend of Japanese society, sharp worsening of people's outlook on short term economic cycle made extremely pessimistic their confidence in future of Japanese economy.Respondents' sex, education, income, and occupational prestige had clearly to do with wether they rely on television or newspaper as the main source of economic information. In applying the method of free association to the word "Keizai", which correspond to "economy" in English, we got 286 words of which 206 words were found in television news and newspapers, confirming strong power of the media.In the issue of free competition versus regulation for the interests of the weak, clerical workers and blue collar workers showed opinions seemingly corresponding to their occupational interests respectively. But self employed people did not show clear tendency.Concerning the perception of justice, those people who show pessimistic outlook of economy tend to look greater influence of education on occupational success and more assume education is connected with real ability than those who are more optimistic.

在1997年以东京为代表进行的调查中，人们对经济和政治的期望值出奇地低，甚至比对好天气、热门运动队的好成绩等自然条件的期望值还低。与小政府理论中隐含的假设相反，人们对竞争机制的信心构成了一个与因子分析中管理所代表的维度不同的态度维度。这种对制度机制的信任与对制度主体的信任的分离，是日本所特有的，还是其他发达国家也存在的，这是本研究提出的一个重要的理论问题。此外，我们的受访者对日本经济的几个方面的未来表现出非常悲观的看法。我们的假设是，在对日本社会长期走向悲观的舆论基础上，对短期经济周期的看法急剧恶化，使人们对日本经济前景的信心极度悲观。受访者的性别、教育程度、收入和职业声望与他们是否依赖电视或报纸作为经济信息的主要来源明显相关。对英语中与“经济”相对应的“经济”一词运用自由联想的方法，我们得到了286个词，其中206个词出现在电视新闻和报纸上，证实了媒体的强大力量。在自由竞争与弱者利益管制的问题上，文职人员和蓝领工人的意见似乎分别符合他们的职业利益。但自雇人士并没有表现出明显的倾向。在正义感方面，那些对经济前景持悲观态度的人往往认为教育对职业成功的影响更大，并且比那些更乐观的人更认为教育与真实的能力有关。