Molecular and Cellular Biology of Tobacco BY-2 Cell Line

本项目的目的是促进烟草BY-2细胞系分子和细胞生物学研究的研究进展和信息变化。这一主题非常独特，因为这是世界上唯一一个由首席研究人员开发并已分发给至少20个国家的100多个实验室的高度同步的可用系统。这是必不可少的，特别是对于细胞周期研究，目前正在世界上的主要实验室使用。经过两年的努力，利用高度同步的细胞群体表明，皮质微管组织的分子机制已经清楚地被证明，几种类型的动蛋白分子在细胞周期pr…中以不同的方式振荡更具侵略性。这也揭示了一条新的生长素信号转导链参与了烟草BY-2细胞分裂活性的维持。此外，合作者之一使用BY-2细胞开发了一种新的体外转录系统，进一步促进了该细胞系在国际上的流行。研究还表明，蛋白质进入液泡有两种不同的运输系统，这两种运输系统分别依赖于蛋白质的C-端和N-端序列中的唯一序列。一位研究人员还分析了细胞分裂素处理后原质体转化为淀粉体的情况。因此，可以说，即使在短短两年的时间里，对烟草BY-2的细胞和分子生物学的了解也取得了重大进展，导致了对一般植物细胞基本现象的了解。1995年，在日本植物学会年会上举行了一次公开论坛，以向日本更广泛的圈子熟悉该小组讨论的主题。观众的反应相当重要，因为其中一些人希望在他们的研究中引入这一实验系统。较少

This project has been intended and conducted to facilitate the acceleration of research progress and information change on the study of molecular and cellular biology of tobacco BY-2 cell line. This subject is quite unique, since this is only one available highly synchronized system in the world that has been developed by the principal investigator and has been distributed to more than 100 laboratories in at least 20 countries. This is indispensable in particular for the cell cycle studies and is being used in major laboratories in the world. Thus' it was intended in this study to facilitate the informational exchange and romote the progress of scientific studies using this cell line in this Country as well.As aconsequence after two years' efforts, it was shown by using highly synchronized cell populations that molecular mechanism of the organization of cortical microtubules has been clearly demonstrated and several types of kinesin molecules oscillated differently during cell cycle pr … More ogression. It is also revealed that a novel auxin-signal transduction chain is involved in the maintanance of cell division activity in tobacco BY-2cells. Furthermore, the development of a novel in vitro transcription system by one of collaborators using BY-2 cells facilitated further the popularity of this cell line at the international level. It was also shown that there are two different transport systems of proteins into vacuoles that are dependent on unique sequence in the C-terminal and N-terminal sequences of proteins, respectively. Conversion of proplastids to amyloplasts upon the treatment by cytokinin has also been analyzed by one investigator. Thus, it may be said that even within the short frame of two years significant progress of the understanding of the cellular and molecular biology on tobacco BY-2 has been attained, resulting in understanding the basic phenomenon of plant cells in general.In 1995, a public forum was held at the occasion of Annual Meeting of the Botanical Society of Japan to familiarize the topics of discussion in this group to much wider circles in this country. Responses from the audiences were quite significant, since some of these peoples would like to introduce this experimental system in their studies. Less