Radiochemical Study of Nuclear Spallation and Fission at Intermediate Energies

利用日本现有加速器中的光子、中子、质子和重离子，对核反应的各个方面，如散裂、裂变和碎裂进行了低能到高能的放射化学研究，并讨论了反应机理及其可能的应用。Sakamoto， Fujiwara和Shibata在60-1000 MeV下广泛研究了从^< 27b> Al到^< 201b> Bi的22个目标的光分裂，光裂和光裂反应。包括铜分裂和au裂变的反冲测量。Masumoto和Ohtsuki在为Tohoku university .e-linac设计的250厘米混凝土护罩中测量了碎裂产物的深度和角度轮廓。Sakamoto小组和Mitsugashira使用了这种加速器，他们在高通量反应堆JMTR中报道了^<237>Np的光裂变和^<242>Cm和^<238>Pu的生产。用Sekine进行了反冲距离测量，并开发了一种新的薄片法。他还通过（n, g）和（g, n）反应研究了标记化合物的反冲合成。Shinohara在KEK ps继续了一项重要的pi-mesic原子化学研究，对重离子诱导的高达GeV能量的散裂进行了广泛的研究。核过程中的动量传递是一个非常重要的信息，并研究了Shinohara的重离子诱导反应和Kudo的^<238>U和^<232>Th的质子诱导裂变。中子和质子诱导的反应在几十MeV下产生^<7,10>Be等轻核，在许多应用中是至关重要的，Imamura和Shibata报道了几个激发函数的结果。小林、永井和今村已经建立了一种非常灵敏的长寿命放射性核素测量方法，并成功地应用于上述一些反应研究。通过交换在本项目过程中获得的信息，进行了联合讨论，并探讨了我们在这一领域进一步发展的前景。少

Radiochemical studies of various aspects of nuclear reactions such as spallation, fission and fragmentation have been performed at low to high energies by using photons, neutrons, protons, and heavy ions from available accelerators in Japan, and discussed together for reaction mechanism and their possible applications.Photopion reactions photospallation, photofission and photofragmentation of 22 targets ranging from ^<27>Al to ^<201>Bi at 60-1000 MeV were extensively studied by Sakamoto, Fujiwara and Shibata. Recoil measurements of Cu-spallation and Au-fission were included. Masumoto and Ohtsuki measured the depth and angular profiles of spallation products in a 250 cm concrete shields for Tohoku Univ.e-linac. This accelerator was used by Sakamoto group and Mitsugashira who reported studies of photofission of ^<237>Np and production of ^<242>Cm and ^<238>Pu in a high-flux reactor JMTR.Recoil range measurement was performed by Sekine, in which a new thin foil method was developed. He al … More so studied recoil synthesis of labelled compounds by (n, g) and (g, n) reactions. Heavy ion-induced spallation upto GeV energies was extensivly studied by Shinohara who also continued an important study of pi-mesic atom chemistry at KEK PS.Momentum transfer in nuclear processes is a very important information, and investigated in heavy-ion-induced reactions by Shinohara and also in proton-induced fission of^<238>U and ^<232>Th by Kudo. Neutron- and Proton- induced reactions producing light nuclei like ^<7,10>Be at several tens of MeV are of vital importance in many applications, and several results of excitation functions were reported by Imamura and Shibata. An extremely sensitive measurement of long-lived radionuclides has been established by Kobayashi, Nagai and Imamura, and successfully applied to some of the above-mentioned reaction studies. Combined discussions were performed by exchanging information obtained during the course of the present project, and our prospects for further developments in this field have been exploited. Less