Regulation of cell function by ion channels.

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Akaike acutely dissociated central neurons and performed the whole cell voltage clamp. It was found that the response to N-methyl-D-aspartate was decreased with age of the experimental animal, and this decrease was attributed to a decrease in the distribution density of the receptor. Inoue found that the K^+ ions are actively removed from the space between the nerve axonal membrane and the Schwann cells. Ohmori examined the synaptic transmission within MNTB in the newborn rat and showed that the transmission is established at postnatal day 4 and the increase in the Ca^<2+> current underlies the development of the synaptic transmission. Okada examined the role of the volume-sensitive Cl-channel in the cell-volume regulation, and discussed the relationship between the secretion of the epithelial cells and the Cl-channel. Kameyama examined the intracellular factor, which maintains the activity of the Ca^<2+> channel, and indicated that this factor is dependent on some unknown protein and … More ATP within the cell. Kitasato examined the spontaneous rhythm in the membrane potential change in the B cell in the pancreas, and clarified that changes in intracellular concentration of ATP,and the release of glucagon from A cells are involved. Kuba recorded the changes in the cytoplasmic Ca^<2+> concentration in the nerve terminal and suggested that the Ca^<2+>-induced Ca^<2+> release is responsible for the transmitter release. Kurachi succeeded in cloning a new SUR subtype and indicated that this new subtype is responsible for the ATP sensitive K channel in the smooth muscle. Suzuki investigated the stretch-activated channel in the gastic smooth muscle. Seyama proposed a hypothesis that the intracellular Mg inactivates the L-type Ca^<2+> channel and provided several experimental evidence to support the hypothesis. Takahashi investigated the role of bFGF in the neural induction in the Tunicate embryo, and proposed that bFGF is an ubiquitous factor in the neural induction. Tonosaki prepared a monoclonal antibody for the retinal cells and investigated the role of the target proteins in the sensory signal transduction. Horie investigated the effect of angiotensin II on the cardiac myocytes. Yamagishi examined the properties of the Cl-channels in the ganglion cells. Noma measured the cell volume of single cardiac myocytes and indicated that the cAMP-regulated Cl-channels are involved in the cell volume regulation. Less