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Elucidation of the organization mechanism of dynamic higher-ordered structures in biological cells

阐明生物细胞动态高阶结构的组织机制

基本信息

批准号：
07308050
负责人：
KOUYAMA Tsutomu
金额：
$ 6.02万
依托单位：
Nagoya University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1996
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The title of this project is elucidation of the organization mechanism of dynamic higher-order structures in biological cells. Here the term "dynamic higher-ordered structures" means mainly membrane-bounded organella in eucaryotic cells, and "elucidation of the organization mechanism" means to understand it so deeply as to reconstitute the organella under artificial conditions. Since dynamic behaviors of intracellular membranous systems can be understood by taking account of their interactions with non-membranous higher-ordered structures, many types of research subject are included in this project. Besides intracellular membrane systems (plasma membrane, nuclear membranes, the inner membrane of mitochondria, the thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts, the sarcoplasmic reticulum of muscle cells, the disk membrane of photoreceptor rod cells, the synaptic vesicle of neurons), non-membrane higher-ordered structures (the cytoskelton, eucaryotic flagella, muscle filaments), special higher-ordered structures (virus, the bacterial flagella motor, the purple membrane of holobacteria) and artificial lipid membranes were studied. We held annual meetings, in which each member of the project was asked to report his research output as well as current topics in a related research field. So many discoveries were presented, and the audience were satisfied to hear what was going on in other fields. Trials to reconstitute some specific higher-ordered structures were reported, but a large fraction of the reports concerned elucidation of biological phenomena at the molecular level. It is pointed out that relevant physicochemical methods for analyzing complicatedly-coupled behaviors of intracellular higher-ordered structures should be developed before achieving fruitful discussion about biological phenomena at the cellular level. We hope that the challenge to reconstitute intracellular higher-ordered structures will lead to production of more important discoveries in future.

该项目的标题是阐明生物细胞中动态高阶结构的组织机制。这里的“动态高阶结构”主要是指真核细胞中膜结合的细胞器，“阐明组织机制”是指深入理解它以在人工条件下重建细胞器。由于细胞内膜系统的动态行为可以通过考虑它们与非膜高阶结构的相互作用来理解，因此该项目包括许多类型的研究主题。除细胞内膜系统（质膜、核膜、线粒体内膜、叶绿体类囊体膜、肌肉细胞肌质网、感光杆细胞盘膜、神经元突触小泡）外，还有非膜高级结构（细胞骨架、研究了真核鞭毛、肌丝）、特殊的高级结构（病毒、细菌鞭毛运动、全细菌的紫色膜）和人造脂质膜。我们举行了年会，项目的每个成员都被要求报告他的研究成果以及相关研究领域的当前主题。展示了如此多的发现，观众也很满意地听到其他领域正在发生的事情。据报道，重建一些特定的高阶结构的试验，但大部分报告涉及在分子水平上阐明生物现象。指出在细胞水平上对生物现象进行富有成效的讨论之前，应开发分析细胞内高阶结构复杂耦合行为的相关物理化学方法。我们希望重建细胞内高阶结构的挑战将在未来带来更重要的发现。