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A study on planetary atmosphere by the laser heterodyne spectroscopy

激光外差光谱研究行星大气

基本信息

批准号：
07404025
负责人：
FUKUNISHI Hiroshi
金额：
$ 16.83万
依托单位：
Tohoku University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Laser heterodyne spectroscopy is the most powerful technique for remote sensing of planetary atmosphere because of its high spectral resolution, high spatial resolution, and high signal-to-noise ratio. In this study, a new tunable diode laser heterodyne spectrometer with a wide spectral range has been developed for planetary atmosphere observation.First, a small-sized laser heterodyne spectrometer with four tunable laser diodes was developed to covert the infrared emission or absorption spectra from planetary atmosphere into the radio wave frequency range. An acousto-optic radio spectrometer was also developed to obtain the spectra in the converted radio frequency range.Next, an optics for interface with the infrared telescope of the Institute of Space and Astronautical Science was made to observe the Venusian atmosphere for testing the instrument. However, observation scheduled in November 1997 was not carried out because of the trouble of the infrared telescope. Then the test observation was carried out with the infrared simulator of National Astronomical Observatory in April 1998. However, the infrared spectra of the Venusian atmosphere were not obtained because of bad weather.Finally, laboratory test and observations of the Earth's atmosphere using the sun or the moon as a light source were performed to check the performance of the developed instrument. These tests revealed that the signal-to-noise ratio of the spectrometer is not enough, while the moon observation demonstrated that weak infrared spectra can be measured with this instrument. The instrument is now under improvement and test observation of the planetary atmosphere will be performed again.

激光外差光谱具有高光谱分辨率、高空间分辨率和高信噪比等优点，是目前最有效的行星大气遥感技术。本研究开发了一种用于行星大气观测的新型宽光谱范围可调谐半导体激光外差光谱仪。首先，研制了一台由四个可调谐激光二极管组成的小型激光外差光谱仪，将行星大气中的红外发射或吸收光谱转换到无线电波频率范围。还研制了一台声光射电光谱仪，用于获取转换后射频范围内的频谱。其次，制作了与空间与宇航科学研究所红外望远镜接口的光学系统，以观测金星大气以测试该仪器。然而，由于红外望远镜的故障，原定于1997年11月进行的观测没有进行。并于1998年4月在国家天文台红外模拟器上进行了试验观测。然而，由于天气恶劣，无法获得金星大气的红外光谱。最后，进行了实验室测试和以太阳或月球为光源的地球大气观测，以检验所研制的仪器的性能。这些测试表明，光谱仪的信噪比不够，而月球观测表明，该仪器可以测量微弱的红外光谱。该仪器目前正在改进中，将再次进行行星大气的测试观测。