Studies on regulatory mechanism of spinning bahavior in the silkworms.

为阐明家蚕（Bombyx mori）和山蚕（Antheraea yamamai）纺丝和成茧行为的调控机制，采用三维计算机图形学分析了家蚕和山蚕（Antheraea yamamai）的行为特征。研究了血淋巴蜕皮激素水平与纺丝行为的关系。用两台摄像机记录纺纱过程。基于三维数据，分析了幼虫体型、纺丝面积、纺丝速度和拉伸行为频率的序列变化。所得结果如下：(1)成茧过程中纺丝区域的大小迅速减小，然后缓慢收敛到最终成茧的大小；(2)幼虫体的连续形状变化可以用合适的二元自回归模型来表示；(3)伸展行为是花生状茧中心收缩部分出现的原因之一。在实验中，机械可以改变茧的形状，更有效地抑制节段运动。粘在第5节的幼虫成圆茧，粘在后节（7-10节）的幼虫成长茧。3DCG分析显示，捆扎处理影响了身体后半部分的弯曲角度和固定。结果表明，经包带处理后，纺丝速度明显下降。胶粘处理延长了棉纺期，从而延缓了化蛹时间。血淋巴皮质激素水平显著低于对照组，提示贴敷影响了脑-体-前胸腺轴的分泌活性。甘薯角虫，Agrius convolvuli，在最后一龄结束时在土壤中建立蛹房。利用红外摄像机-视频记录系统研究了蚕的纺丝行为特征，并建立了最后一龄幼虫的发育时间表，与家蚕的纺丝行为进行了比较。少

To clarify regulation mechanism of spinning and cocoon formaiton behavior, behavioral characteristics of the silkworms (Bombyx mori and Antheraea yamamai) were analized by 3D-computer graphics. 'Relationships between hemolymph molting hormone level and spinning behavior were also investigated.1. Spinning process was recorded by two video cameras. Based on the three dimentional data, serial changes of larval body shape, spinning area, spinning speed and frequency of streching behavior were analized. The results obtained were as follows ; (1) the size of spinning region reduces quickly during the constraction of base and frame for cocooning, and then slowly converge it to the final cocoon size, (2) serial shape changes of larval body can be represented by an appropriate bivariate autoregressive model, (3) streching behavior is one of responsible factors for the appearance of constricted parts in the center of a peanut-shape cocoon.2. Cocoon shape can be changed experimentally by the mech … More anical inhibition of segmental movement by attaching a piece of medical tape ; a larva taped on the 5th larval segment made a round cocoon, while the one taped on the posterior segment (7-10th segment) spun a longer cocoon. The 3DCG analysis showed that the taping treatment affects the bending angle and the fixation of the posterior half of the body. It was also found that spinning speed shows down significantly after the taping treatment. Moreover, taping treatment prolonged spinning period, and consequently delayd pupation. The hemolymph ecdysteroid level was significantly lower than the control, suggesting that the taping affects secretory activity in the brain-corpora allata-prothoracic gland axis.3. The sweet potato hornworm, Agrius convolvuli, make a pupal room in the soil at the end of the last instar. Characteristics of the behavior was also studied by using an infrared camera-Video recorder system, and a developmental time-table was established for the last larval instar to compare with the spinning behavior of the silkworms. Less