High speed hydrolysis of biomass using the suprecritical water and ethanol fermentation of decomposed materials.

为了将生物质转化为酒精发酵的原料，纤维素和一种硬木。在间歇反应器中，在250 ~ 405℃的温度下，在蒸汽压或水的作用下，用热压缩水进行水解。在290ºC的加热温度下，通过调节加热时间，在30s范围内可使50%左右的纤维素糖化为葡萄糖。通过对水溶性馏分的发酵试验，通过活性炭处理去除溶液中的糠醛，显著提高了发酵速率，并证实了消耗的己糖与生成的乙醇之间具有良好的质量平衡。在金桂平的情况下，氢水解开始于比纯蔗糖更低的温度。活性木质素首先被分解，然后半纤维素、纤维素、纤维素被水解成水溶性（WS），而稳定木质素很难被分解，以土壤残渣的形式存在（甲醇不溶，Ml）。加热温度的升高导致甲醇收率的降低，但由于WS的二次分解，对水溶性组分收率的提高没有影响。而通过优化加热时间，得到的WS的己糖含量在20%以上或接近30%。由于从木质素中分离出来的物质是甲醇可溶物，因此WS便于发酵，并且可以成功地用酵母生产乙醇。

In order to convert ceIIulosic biolmass to raw materials for alcohol fermentation, cellulose and chinquapin, a hard wood.were hydrothermolyzed with hot compressed water in a batch reactor at temperatures between 250 and 405ﾟC under the vapor pressure or water.Cellulose was quickly solubilized to water, and about 50% of cellulose could be saccharified to glucose by adjusting the heating time in the range of 30s at the heating temperature of 290ﾟC.As a result of fermentation tests of water soluble fraction, the fermentation rate was remarkably improved by removing furfurals in the solution through an active carbon treatment, and further, good mass balance was confirmed between thc consumed hexose and formed ethanol.In the case of chinquapin, the hydrothennolysis started at lower temperature than pure ceIIulose. Active ligunin was first decomposed, and then hemicellulose followed by cellulose was followed by cellulose was hydrolyzed to water solubles (WS), although stable lignin was hard to decompose and remained as soil residue (methanol insoluble, Ml). Increasing the heating temperature led to the decrease in the yield of MI,but not to the increase in the yield of water soluble fraction because of the second decomposition of WS.However, the WS including over 20% of hexose was obtained in the yield or near 30% by optimizing the heating time. Since species from lignin were obtained as methanol solubles separately from WS,the WS were convenient for the fermentation and ethanol was successfully produced with yeast.