Analysis of signal transduction in human glioma cells transfected with cytokine gene

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Our aim is analysis of mechanisms of antitumor activity induced by cytokine gene transfection into human glioma cells.To clarify the underlying mechanisms involved in the different susceptibility to cytokines, we examined the degrees of phosphorylation or NF-kappaB complex when cytokines (interferon-beta (IFN-beta) or tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)) were exogenously added to human glioma cells. These results suggest that the different NF-kB complex induced by cytokines in human glioma cells might be related to the varying degrees of susceptibility of tumor cells to cytokines.To elucidate the mechanisms underlying the antitumor activity of cytokine gene transfection using cationic liposomes, we observed morphological changes under video-enhanced contrast differential interference contrast microscopy. Cells harboring the intranuclear human IFN-beta gene underwent morphological changes characterized by bled formation and cytoplasmic boiling such as apoptosis. On the other hand, exogenously added cytokines did not induce the changes at all.In in vivo experiments using C57BL/6 mouse, we confirmed the activation of cellular immunity when liposomes, containing mouse IFN-beta gene were injected into the experimental glioma.