Evaluation and Improvement of Oral Function by Analysis of Speech Articulatory and Masticatory Orofacial Movements

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Oral movement trajectories were studied by monitoring orofacial movements during pronunciation and mastication.Methods : Retro-reflective markers that were recorded as reflective points with clear outlines when illuminated with infrared strobe lights provided trajectory data at the following reference points : modiolus (Mo) ; menton (Me) ; and incisal point (IP). The subjects'facial markers were located and automatically tracked while speaking and chewing using six video cameras from six different perspectives, and the video data were collected using a Datastation (Vicon 370.Oxford Metorics Ltd.). The results of photogramtric measurement during pronunciation of each tested consonant and chewing phase were analyzed using a 3D analyzer (Movias 3D,nac Co.) with reference to the following parameters : total length of the trajectory from start to finish (TL) ; distance between the start and finish of the trajectory (SL) ; TL to SL ratio (T/S) ; volume of the rectangular solid encompassing the entire trajectory (Cud) ; and the mean of the 3D angles created by differences in the direction of the preceding and subsequent trajectories for each measured time (TH).Results : (1) Specific trajectories were seen during pronunciation of [s], [m] and [*] among other constants and vowels in the test sentence. (2) Elapsed times in one chewing cycle and closing phase were decreased. In addition, the range of orofacial movements in the closing phase became narrower and all trajectories became smoother as mastication proceeded.