Development of very sensitive heterodyne spectrometer at millimeter and infrared wavelength for strato-mesospheric atomospheric minor components

开发用于平流层-中层大气微量成分的毫米级和红外波长的非常灵敏的外差光谱仪

• 批准号: 07504002
• 负责人: OGAWA Hideo
• 金额: $ 22.53万
• 依托单位: Nagoya University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1995 至 1996
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07504002/
• 关键词: millimeter-receiver; superconductor; atomospheric minor gas; stratosphere

Ground-based microwave sensor are commonly used in remote sensing of trace constituents by passive sounding of rotational transition of key stratospheric molecules, such as ozone. This method has a distinctive advantage for measurements of diurnal and short term variations over other techniques.The microwave observations measure thermal emission of molecules and then measurement dose not require a background radiation source like the sun as is the case in absorption measurement.The observations does not also require a clear sky and measurements can be made throughout the day and the night.However, conventional ozone monitoring method do not enceble satisfactory realtime monitoring of concentration and altitude distribution.Accordingly we have developed a system using superconductor-insulator superconductor (SIS) mixer having the best noise characteristics reported to date.Summarizing observations obtained by our instrument, we may conclude as follows.1. Diurnal variations of the mixing ratio at various altitudes from 36 through 75 km appear in agreement with theoretical calculations and observations by many authors except night-time variations near the top of the mesosphere.2. The ozone mixing ratio about 70 km shows night-time variation variable from day to day with an amplitude of about 20% of the midnight value.Time variations of the mixing ratio just before the sunrise and after the sunset are obtained from observations with an integration time of 3 minutes

地面微波传感器通常用于通过被动探测平流层关键分子（如臭氧）的旋转跃迁来遥感痕量成分。这种方法在测量日变化和短期变化方面比其他技术有明显的优势。微波观测测量分子的热发射，然后测量不需要像吸收测量那样的背景辐射源。观测也不需要晴朗的天空，可以在白天和晚上进行测量。然而，常规的臭氧监测方法不能对臭氧浓度和高度分布进行满意的实时监测，为此，我们研制了一种利用超导体-绝缘体超导体（SIS）混频器的系统，该系统具有迄今为止报道的最好的噪声特性.在36 - 75 km不同高度上混合比的日变化与许多作者的理论计算和观测结果一致，但在中间层顶部附近的夜间变化除外. 70 km附近的臭氧混合比夜间变化幅度约为午夜值的20%，用积分时间为3 min的观测资料得到了日出前和日落后的混合比的时间变化

项目成果

H.Ogawa: ""Development of a Millimeterwave Instrument for Measurements of Strsto-Mesospheric Ozone Using a Superconductive Receiver"" J.Geomag.Geoelectr.48. 145-150 (1996)

H.Okawa：“使用超导接收器开发用于测量中层臭氧的毫米波仪器”J.Geomag.Geolectr.48。

H.Suzukui: "″Strato-Mesospheric Ozone Monitoring System Using An Sismixer″" IECE Trans, Electron.E79-C,9. 1219-1227 (1996)

H.Suzukui：“使用 Sismixer 的平流层中层臭氧监测系统”IECE Trans，Electron.E79-C,9 (1996)。

H.Ogawa: "Development of a Millimeterwave Instrument for Measurements of Strsto-Mesospheric Ozone Using Superconductive Receiver" J.Geomag.Geoelectr. 48. 145-150 (1996)

H.Okawa：“使用超导接收器开发用于测量中层臭氧的毫米波仪器”J.Geomag.Geolectr。

H.Ogawa: "Diurnal and Seasonal Variations of Strato-Mesospheric Ozone" J.Geomag.Geoelectr.48. 1115-1126 (1996)

H.Okawa：“平流层臭氧的日变化和季节变化”J.Geomag.Geolectr.48。

K.Kawabata: "Ground-Based Millimeterwave Measurements of Strato-Mesospheric Ozone" J.Geomag.Geoelectr.48. 353-360 (1996)

K.Kawabata：“平流层中层臭氧的地面毫米波测量”J.Geomag.Geolectr.48。