Fundamental Study on Preventive Measures of Slope Failure and Reinforcement Method for the Bearing Capacity of Granular Assemblies

1)边坡失稳机理及防治措施为研究散体土边坡的破坏机理和有效加固措施，进行了大量的散体土边坡模型试验。研究发现，散体土边坡表现为表面破坏而不是圆滑破坏，而粘聚力较大的土质边坡表现为圆滑破坏。散体土边坡破坏时的倾角与内摩擦角基本相等。具有粘聚力的土体破坏时的坡角与圆滑移法得到的坡角基本相同。模型试验结果还表明，如果破坏的“触发点”得到改善，加固方法是非常有效的。2)承载能力的加固方法)对土袋加固的地基进行了承载力试验模拟，以研究这种加固方法的机理。找出了采用“土袋”提高地基承载力的原因及“土袋”的承载能力与拉力的关系。b)采用部分土基包裹加固的方法，提高了地基的承载能力。为研究土袋加固路基的效果，进行了土袋加固铝棒和实际土体的模型试验和动静载作用下铁路枕木道床地基承载力的足尺模型试验。试验结果表明，部分基础包裹后，地基承载能力大大提高，轨枕、道床基础变形减小。

1) Mechanism and Preventive Measures of Slope FailureMany model tests of granular soil slope have been conducted to study the failure mechanism and effective reinforcement of granular soil slope. It was found that the granular soil slope behaves as the surface failure not circular slip failure while the slope of soil with cohesion behaves as circular slip failure. The angle of granular soil slope at failure is almost equal to the internal friction angle. The angle of the slope of soil with cohesion at failure is almost equal to that obtained by as circular slip method. The results of model tests also show that if the "trigger" of the failure is improved, the reinforcement method is very effective.2) Reinforcement Method for the Bearing Capacitya) The simulation on the bearing capacity test of the footing improved by "soilbag" was conducted to study the mechanism of this improvement method. The reason why the bearing capacity increases by using "soilbag" and the relation between the bearing capacity and tension of the "soilbag" have been found out.b) The reinforcing method by means of wrapping up a part of the soil foundation has been introduced to increase the bearing capacity of the foundation. The model tests of the bearing capacity on aluminum rods and real soils improved by "soilbag" and the full scale model tests of the bearing capacity on ballast foundation through the railway sleeper under dynamic and static load have conducted to study the effects of "soilbag" in improvement of soil foundation. The test results show the bearing capacity of the foundation increases greatly and the deformation of the railway sleeper and ballast foundation decreases after wrapping up a part of foundation.