STUDY ON DESALINATION PROCESS USING LIQUID MEMBRANE

为了在生化产品下游加工中建立新型脱盐系统，本文研制了以下两种利用液膜系统的装置，并对其特性进行了实验研究。在海水淡化装置的设计中，重要的是要使两种水乳状液与进料液接触，以提取阳离子和阴离子，防止水乳状液相互接触。装置(1)：将两种W/O乳剂分别通过的中空纤维放入含进料液的搅拌槽中。装置(2)：将含有两种水乳状液的搅拌池分别用进料液可以通过而每种水乳状液不能通过的隔板隔开。因此，该装置(1)无法用于脱盐系统，因为很难在中空纤维的孔隙中保持乳化相和进料溶液之间的界面，以调节纤维的内外压力。同时，在装置(2)中，发现两个不锈钢网被含氟聚合物涂覆，并以5毫米的间隔堆积，可用作隔离乳状液的隔板。乳剂与隔板的碰撞率是控制乳剂泄漏的重要因素之一，通过调节乳剂的分散条件和乳剂与进料液的体积比，可以实现离子的只转移。

For the establishment of the novel desalination system in the downstream processing of biochemical products, the following two apparatus using the liquid membrane system were developed in the present work and their characteristics were investigated experimentally. In the design of the apparatus for the desalination, it is important to contact the two kinds of W/O emulsions to extract the cation and anion with the feed solution, preventing the emulsions from contacting each other.Apparatus (1) : The hollow fibers, through which the two kinds of W/O emulsions were separately passed, were put in the stirred cell including the feed solution.Apparatus (2) : The stirred cells including the two kinds of W/O emulsions respectively were separated by the partition through which the feed solution can pass but each emulsion can not.As a result, the apparatus (1) was not available for the desalination system because it is difficult to keep the interface between the emulsion phase and the feed solution in the pore of the hollow fiber adjusting the inner and outer pressures of the fiber. While, in the apparatu (2), it was found that the two stainless steel meshes which were coated by the fluorine-contained polymers and piled at intervals of 5 mm are useful as the partition to separate the emulsions. Also, the collision rate of emulsions to the partition is one of the important factors to control the leakage of the emulsions, and we can accomplish to transfer only the ions by adjusting the dispersion conditions of emulsions and the volume ratio of emultions to that of the feed solution.