APPLICATIONS OF LIQUID MEMBRANE AND MICROEMULSION TECHNOLOGIES TO BIOSEPARATION PROCESS

今年取得了以下成果。(1)为了建立新型的海水淡化系统，研制了乳状液膜法海水淡化装置，并对其特性进行了实验研究。(2)对D2 EHPA萃取头孢氨苄和TOMAC萃取乳酸的液膜体系中有机酸和抗生素的正、反萃取行为进行了实验和理论研究。(3)对于使用含有硝酸银的液膜分离多不饱和脂肪酸酯，证明了使用温度梯度作为驱动力的溶质的上坡运输的可能性。发现制备的几种亲水性膜作为含有水溶液的支撑液膜是有效的。(4)红霉素在水相和有机相中的分配行为及载体转运机理 关于我们 对分离后的液膜进行澄清。提出了提高红霉素浓缩率的方法。(5)结果表明，制备的新型反胶束溶液可以识别活性蛋白质的高级结构，是蛋白质复性的有效场所。(6)发现在由非离子表面活性剂形成的反胶束中掺入功能性分子可以提供蛋白质的选择性分离和功能性反应场而不使酶变性。(7)对影响核糖体与变性蛋白相互作用的重要因素进行了实验研究，发现核糖体诱导了控制膜特性的伴侣蛋白功能。(8)研究了一种新型反胶束体系对溶菌酶的正、反萃取行为，考察了有机相AOT浓度、水相pH和KCl浓度对萃取行为的影响。同时也表明了转盘萃取器连续萃取溶菌酶的稳定操作特性。(9)研究了AOT浓度、温度和乙醇添加量对AOT/异辛烷反胶团萃取溶菌酶的正、反萃取率的影响。搅拌槽快速分离浓缩的结果表明了实际应用的可能性。(10)以D2 EHPA为载体，AOT/异辛烷为载体，研究了载体辅助液膜系统在生物分离中的应用。结果发现，反向萃取率随时间而降低，底物在液膜中积累。少

The following results were obtained this year.(1) For the establishment of novel desalination system, the apparatus using an emulsion liquid membrane system were developed, and their characteristics were investigated experimentally.(2) The behaviors of forward and backward extractions which are essential to the separation of organic acid and antibiotic using a liquid membrane system were experimentally and theoretically investigated for the extractions of cephalexin by D2EHPA and lactic acid by TOMAC.(3) For the separation of a polyunsaturated fatty acid ester using a liquid membrane containing silver nitrate, the possibility of uphill transport of the solute using the temperature gradient as a driving force was demonstrated. It was found that several hydrophilic membranes prepared are effective as a supported liquid membrane containing an aqueous solution.(4) The partitioning behavior of erythromycin between the aqueous and organic phases and the transport mechanism through the suppor … More ted liquid membRane were clarified. The method to improve the concentration rate of erythromycin was proposed.(5) It was found that a novel reversed micellar solution prepared can recognize the higher-order structure of an active protein and is effective field for the refolding of a protein.(6) It was found that the incorporation of a functional molucule in a reversed micell formed by a nonionic surfactant can provide the selective separation of a protein and a functional reaction field without denaturation of enzymes.(7) The important factors affecting the interaction between the ribosome and denatured protein were experimentally investigated, and it was found that the ribosome induces the chaperonin function controlling the membrane characteristics.(8) The forward and backward extraction behaviors of lysozyme by a novel reversed micellar system were investigated, and the effects of AOT concentration in the organic phase and pH and KCI concentration in the aqueous phase were clarified. Also, the stable operational characteristic of the continuous extraction of lysozyme with a rotating disccontactor was shown.(9) The effects of AOT concentration, temperature and the addition of alcohol on the forward and backward extraction rates of lysozyme by AOT/isooctane reversed micells were clarified. The results of rapid separation and concentration using the stirred cell suggested the possibility of the practical applications.(10) The application of liquid membrane system based on the carrier-assisted transpot to bio-separation process was investigated for the transport of lysine by D2EHPA and lysozyme by AOT/isooctane reversed micells. As a result, it was found that the backward extraction rate decreases with time and the substrates accumulate in the liquid membrane. Less