Development of High Sensible Micuro-Glucose Sensor for Long-Term Implantation in Subcutaneous Tissue

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Micro-glucose sensor for sensing glucose level in subcutaneous tissue was prepared and tested in vitro and in vivo. Glucose sensor consists of four membranes, which are a glucose sensible membrane, a semi-permeable membrane, a permselective membrane and a biocompatible membrane. The objective of this paper is to clarify a design of the sensor membranes and to develop a high sensible micro-glucose sensor for implantation in subcutaneous tissue. A theoretical analysis was made by considering laminated membranes of a glucose membrane and a permselective. When a sensor has high permselectivity of Oxygen to glucose, the larger value of M_G improved the more linearity relationship between output current and glucose concentration was. In order to monitor glucose level under low oxygen tension of 5% like subcutaneous tissue, the sensor was dip coated with 3% polyurethane solution in 98% tetrahydrofuran-2% dimethylformamide. The calibration curve of in uitro showed a linear relationship with glucose level over 500 mg・dL^<-1>, when sensor was covered with glucose sensible membrane which M_G was 0.8 and polyurethane membrane as permselective membrane. Output of the sensor was about 10nA/100mg・dL^<-1>-glucose. Glucose level in subcutaneous tissue was monitored continuously up to 7 hours by the sensor covered with Nafion as a biocompatible membrane.