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Production of usefull agriculture traits by somatic cell hybrid of rice and leguminous plants

水稻和豆科植物体细胞杂交产生有用的农业性状

基本信息

批准号：
07556001
负责人：
NIIZEKI Minoru
金额：
$ 4.16万
依托单位：
Hirosaki University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

All combinations of the interfamilial and intergeneric somatic cell hybridizations between a gramineous species, rice and three leguminous species, soybean, alfalfa and birdsfoot trefoil were examined. The results are the following :1.Some regenerated plants from the hybrid calli of rice and birdsfoot trefoil displayd deep green leaves and vigorous growth under low sunlight intensity and low temperatures (20ﾟC) in a green house in the winter season.2.In the Southern blots analysis, the deletion of one rDNA fragment of birdsfoot trefoil and the addition of one fragment of alfalfa were observed in the somatic hybrid cell of birdsfoot trefoil and alfalfa. This result show that the intergeneric translocation may have occurred between the chromosomes of somatic hybrids.3.In the asymmetric somatic hybrids between alfalfa and birdsfoot trefoil, Southern blot analyzes of the chloroplast genomes indicated that either genome of both parents sorted out in all calli investigated.4.In the somatic cell hybrids between soybean and alfalfa, isozyme analyzes suggested that a single soybean chromosome was replaced with a alfalfa chromosome, while most of the chromosomes were those of soybean in the hybrid calli.5.In the somatic cell hybrids between rice and birdsfoot trefoil, a single plant obtained was birdsfoot trefoil type with numerous shoots and flowers. This plant type may be usable for the sloping land for controlling erosion and beautification.

对禾本科物种、水稻和三种豆科物种、大豆、苜蓿和三叶草之间的科间和属间体细胞杂交的所有组合进行了检查。结果如下：1.水稻和三叶草杂交愈伤组织的部分再生植株在冬季温室低光照和低温(20℃)条件下，叶片呈深绿色，生长旺盛。2.Southern blots分析发现，三叶草体细胞杂种体细胞中缺失了1条三叶草rDNA片段，添加了1条苜蓿片段。三叶草和苜蓿。这一结果表明，体细胞杂种的染色体之间可能发生了属间易位。3.在苜蓿和三叶草的不对称体细胞杂种中，叶绿体基因组的Southern印迹分析表明，在所有研究的愈伤组织中，双亲基因组都分选出来。4.在大豆和苜蓿的体细胞杂种中，同工酶分析表明，单个大豆染色体被苜蓿染色体取代，而杂种愈伤组织中的染色体大部分为大豆染色体。 5.水稻与三叶草体细胞杂交，获得的单株为三叶型，具有大量芽和花。该植物类型可用于坡地控制侵蚀和美化。