Development of Evaporation Accelerators for Soil Solution

干旱地区的地下水位升高，导致内涝和盐渍土壤受损，这是由于排水条件差和废水淤积造成的。虽然将浅层地下水控制在最低限度和减少排水是必要的预防措施，但由于技术或经济因素或不适当的地理条件，这些措施并不总是可行的。本文建议采用“蒸发排水法”，有效利用干旱地区普遍存在的强蒸发力。蒸发加速器是该方法中涉及的主要工具。这些加速器通过将多余的水辐射到大气中来蒸发多余的水。此外，盐也在加速器上自然积累，使蒸发和盐捕获同时发生。这种加速剂由多孔和吸水性的纱布或纸片构成，通过毛细管力吸收水分。随着纱布层数的增加，吸收率和毛细上升率增加。包含在加速器的每个高度层改变的水值。将加速器插入装满溶液或饱和沙子的锅中，并放置在装有空调的封闭室中。蒸发速率取决于温度和室内的风速。通过增加加速器的数量，从而增加蒸发表面积的总量，增加了腔内的蒸发量。然而，加速器需要适当地设置才能有效地工作。必须留有足够的蒸发空间。蒸发速率也部分取决于加速器的形状，因为加速器周围的气流随形状而变化。表面积的增加降低了加速剂安装区域的孔隙率。在一定的更换条件下，它会影响砂中的水的稠度。此外，加速器捕获积聚在加速器上的盐。

An elevation in the groundwater table in arid regions resulting in waterlogging and salt damaged soil is know to be caused by both poor drainage conditions and the ponding of waste water. Although keeping shallow groundwater to a minimum and reducing drainage water are necessary precautions to be taken, these are not always feasible because of either technological or economic factors or unsuitable geographic conditions. Here we propose the usage of the "Evaporation Drainage Method" which effectively utilizes strong evaporation forces prevalent in arid regions.Evaporation accelerators are the main tool involved in this method. These accelerators evaporate excess water by radiating it into the atmosphere. In addition, salt also accumulates naturally on the accelerator enabling evaporation and salt capture to occur simultaneously.The accelerator, constructed of sheets of porous and absorbent gauze or paper, functions by taking up water by capillary force. As layrs of gauze were increased, rates of absorbency and capillary rise increased. Contained water values changed at each height layr of the accelerator. Accelerators were inserted into a pot filled with solution or saturated sand, and placed in an enclosed chamber equipped with an air conditioner. Evaporation rates depended on temperature, wind velocity in the chamber. Evaporation within the chamber was increased by increasing the number of accelerators and thereby increasing the total amount of evaporation surface area. However accelerators need to be appropriately set to work efficiently. Adequate evaporation space must be allowed. Evaporation rates also depend in part on the form of the accelerator as air flow around the accelerator varied with shape. Increasing of surface area decreased the void rate in the area of accelerator installation. Under certain conditions of replacement it can affect water consistency in sand. Also, accelerators captured the salts which accumulated on the accelerators.