Development of High Quality Grin Drying Method using Solar Battery Ventilation and Solar Desiccant System

本研究的目的是设计一种新的太阳能干燥剂干燥方法，以节省粮食干燥过程中的能源，并采用常温低湿空气的方法实现高质量的粮食干燥。我们开发了一种太阳能干燥剂干燥系统，通过干燥干燥剂来储存太阳能，并将储存的能量用于夜间或阴雨天的谷物干燥。在温室中安装了用于稻谷和干燥剂干燥的固定床干燥机。以粉煤灰废渣为原料的人工沸石作为干燥剂，在温室附近安装了4块太阳能电池板（129w*4=516W）。所产生的电能用于驱动通风机和干燥风机交替改变气流方向。测量了太阳辐射、温度和湿度，并将其传输到计算机中。通过计算和比较温室内外平衡含水率来控制通风机，使室内空气保持低湿度。我们在1995年和1996年秋天测试了太阳能干燥系统。晴天收获的高水分粮食，白天利用太阳热能干燥成短期贮藏所需的水分，晚上或下一个阴天利用干燥剂干燥成长期贮藏所需的水分。在阴天，收获的谷物在干燥剂和太阳热量的作用下干燥到水分水平，以便短期储存。试验证明，即使在阴天或雨天，使用与谷物和自然能源等量的沸石的太阳能干燥剂干燥系统，也可以将收获的水稻干燥到水分水平，以便短期或长期储存。

The object of this study is to devise a new solar desiccant drying method for energy savings in grain drying process and high quality grain drying using method using low humid air at ordinary temperature. We developed a solar desiccant drying system, which stores solar energy by drying the desiccant and uses the stored energy for grain drying at night or cloudy or rainy day. A stationary bed dryer for drying paddy and desiccant was installed in a green house. Artificial zeolite which is made from coal ash waste is used for desiccant, and four solar cell plates (129w*4=516W) were installed near the green house. The generated electric power is used for driving ventilation fans and a drying blower which changes the air flow direction alternately. Solar radiation, temperature and humidity were measured and transferred to computer. The ventilation fans were controlled by calculating and comparing both the equilibrium moisture content of inside and outside the green house to maintain the inside air at low humidity.We tested the solar drying system in autumn 1995 and 1996. On sunny day, harvested high moisture grain dried into the moisture level for short term storage by solar heat in the daytime, and dried into that for long term storage by desiccant at night or next cloudy day. On cloudy day, the harvested grain dried into the moisture level for short term storage by both desiccant and solar heat. It was proved that the harvested paddy can be dried into the moisture level for the short or long term storage even on a cloudy or rainy day by the solar desiccant drying system using the same amount of zeolite as that of grain and natural energy.