DEBRIS FLOW CONTROL STRUCTURES CONSIDERING THE ENVIRONMENT

泥石流几乎每年都会发生，造成巨大的破坏和生命损失。大型沙坝被认为是控制泥石流最有效的方式，事实上，在泥石流易发的激流中建造了许多封闭式混凝土沙坝。另一方面，这些水流本身是自然环境的一部分，对鱼类、昆虫、植物、动物等的生活起着重要作用。大坝的存在阻碍了水流的连续性，破坏了自然环境。考虑到泥石流发生的频率较低，建造不破坏自然环境的结构无疑是更可取的。本文首先研究了水系作为水系自然环境组成部分的作用评价方法。确定了构成满意结构的条件。对各种类型的泥石流控制结构进行了合理的思考，并通过水槽试验明确了泥石流控制结构的设计准则。通过研究发现，栅格坝上部狭窄的开口空间比泥石流前段的开口空间更能有效地截留泥石流中较小的石块和砾石。建议今后应加强对人工闸门大坝的研究。

Debris flow occurs almost year causing much damage and loss of human life. Large sabo dams are considered to be the most effective in controlling debris flow, and in fact there are many closed type concrete sabo dams built in debris flow-prone torrents. These torrents in themselves, are on the other hand, a part of the natural environment playing important roles in the lives of fish, insects, vegetation, animals, etc. The presence of sabo dams blocks the continuity of flow and destroys this natural environment. Considering the low frequency of the occurrence of debris flow, building a structure that do not destroy the natural environment is undoubtedly preferable. The methods to evaluate the role of torrents as part of the natural environment of torrents were studied first. The conditions that make up satisfactory structures were identified. Debris flow control structures of various types were thought over as ones appropriate to the natural environment, and the design criteria were made clear by flume experiments. Through this research it was found that the narrow opening space in the upper area of grid type dams must be more effective in trapping the smaller size stones and the gravel of the ensuing flow than that of the debris flow's front part. It was suggested that dams with manually operating gates should be studied more in the future.